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DBA Seguridad y Optimización MySQL 2

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Termino formación adicional MySQL
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011_mysql/dba_seguridad_optimiz.md
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@ -61,9 +61,10 @@ systemctl stop mysql
La puesta a punto de MySQL se puede realizar de 4 maneras
### 1. Esquemas, índices, variables interdas de MySQL (mysqld), Hardware y S.O.
### Esquemas, índices, variables internas de MySQL (mysqld), Hardware y S.O.
#### HARDWARE
- HARDWARE
- Utilizar sistemas operativos de 64-bits. Mysql puede usar procesamiento
en paralelo y consumir toda la memoria
- Configuración de RAM. Parametro que permite indicar el máximo de memoria
@ -85,12 +86,10 @@ La puesta a punto de MySQL se puede realizar de 4 maneras
- **RAID 1 y 10**: Utilizan mas espacio producto de la redundancia, pero
son mas seguros por tener backup disponible
> RAID [wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_RAID_levels)
Nested RAID [wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested_RAID_levels)
RAID [ArchWiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/RAID)
<details><summary markdown="span">RAID</summary>
#### RAID 0
@ -409,3 +408,617 @@ LOCK instance for backup;
UNLOCK INSTANCE;
```
## Plan de ejecución
Tomar como ejemplo esta consulta
```sql
SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
FROM productos P
INNER JOIN items I
ON P.codigo = I.codigo
INNER JOIN facturas F
ON I.numero = F.numero
GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha);
```
### EXPLAIN
```sql
EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON
SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
FROM productos P
INNER JOIN items I
ON P.codigo = I.codigo
INNER JOIN facturas F
ON I.numero = F.numero
GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha)\G;
```
<details><summary markdown="span">Salida</summary>
```json
*************************** 1. row ***************************
EXPLAIN: {
"query_block": {
"select_id": 1,
"filesort": {
"sort_key": "P.codigo, year(F.fecha)",
"temporary_table": {
"nested_loop": [
{
"table": {
"table_name": "P",
"access_type": "index",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
"key": "PRIMARY",
"key_length": "42",
"used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
"rows": 35,
"filtered": 100,
"using_index": true
}
},
{
"table": {
"table_name": "I",
"access_type": "ref",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "codigo"],
"key": "codigo",
"key_length": "42",
"used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
"ref": ["empresa.P.codigo"],
"rows": 3329,
"filtered": 100
}
},
{
"table": {
"table_name": "F",
"access_type": "eq_ref",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
"key": "PRIMARY",
"key_length": "4",
"used_key_parts": ["numero"],
"ref": ["empresa.I.numero"],
"rows": 1,
"filtered": 100
}
}
]
}
}
}
}
```
</details>
### ANALYZE
```sql
ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON
SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
FROM productos P
INNER JOIN items I
ON P.codigo = I.codigo
INNER JOIN facturas F
ON I.numero = F.numero
GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha)\G;
```
<details><summary markdown="span">Salida</summary>
```json
*************************** 1. row ***************************
ANALYZE: {
"query_optimization": {
"r_total_time_ms": 0.587444996
},
"query_block": {
"select_id": 1,
"r_loops": 1,
"r_total_time_ms": 7608.934695,
"filesort": {
"sort_key": "P.codigo, year(F.fecha)",
"r_loops": 1,
"r_total_time_ms": 0.187826969,
"r_used_priority_queue": false,
"r_output_rows": 155,
"r_buffer_size": "6Kb",
"r_sort_mode": "sort_key,rowid",
"temporary_table": {
"nested_loop": [
{
"table": {
"table_name": "P",
"access_type": "index",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
"key": "PRIMARY",
"key_length": "42",
"used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
"r_loops": 1,
"rows": 35,
"r_rows": 35,
"r_table_time_ms": 0.15660869,
"r_other_time_ms": 0.195472139,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 100,
"using_index": true
}
},
{
"table": {
"table_name": "I",
"access_type": "ref",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "codigo"],
"key": "codigo",
"key_length": "42",
"used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
"ref": ["empresa.P.codigo"],
"r_loops": 35,
"rows": 3329,
"r_rows": 6098.6,
"r_table_time_ms": 2265.69671,
"r_other_time_ms": 306.4226053,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 100
}
},
{
"table": {
"table_name": "F",
"access_type": "eq_ref",
"possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
"key": "PRIMARY",
"key_length": "4",
"used_key_parts": ["numero"],
"ref": ["empresa.I.numero"],
"r_loops": 213451,
"rows": 1,
"r_rows": 1,
"r_table_time_ms": 2630.998751,
"r_other_time_ms": 2405.134662,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 100
}
}
]
}
}
}
}
```
</details>
## Indices
Facilitan la búsqueda de datos dentro de las tablas (Diccionario). Si no se
cuenta con una estructura de índices se debe recorrer toda la tabla hasta
encontrar el registro
### Indices en MyISAM
| ID | TITULO | AUTOR |
| - | - | - |
| 23-4567-8 | Cien años de soledad | Gabriel García Márquez |
| 12-3456-7 | El Túnel | Ernesto Sábato |
| 89-0123-4 | 1984 | George Orwell |
El índice crea estas tablas de referencia
| TITULO | Ref |
| - | - |
| 1984 | {3} |
| Cien años de soledad | {1} |
| El Túnel | {2} |
| AUTOR | Ref |
| - | - |
| Gabriel García Márquez | {1} |
| George Orwell | {3} |
| Ernesto Sábato | {2} |
| ID | Ref |
| - | - |
| 12-3456-7 | {2} |
| 23-4567-8 | {1} |
| 89-0123-4 | {3} |
- Siempre que se modifique una tabla, todos los índices se actualizan
- A mayor cantidad de datos, mayor tiempo de ejecución
- Crea una estructura separada para índices PK y no PK
- La columna inicial del índice es ordenada y toma como referencia la
posición de la fila de la tabla original
- Implenta índices **HASH** y **B-TREE**
### Indices en InnoDB
La clave primaria es el índice
| ID | TITULO | AUTOR |
| - | - | - |
| **23-4567-8** | Cien años de soledad | Gabriel García Márquez |
| **12-3456-7** | El Túnel | Ernesto Sábato |
| **89-0123-4** | 1984 | George Orwell |
Si se utiliza otro campo como índice, la referencia de este va a ser la clave
primaria
| TITULO | Ref |
| - | - |
| 1984 | 89-0123-4 |
| Cien años de soledad | 23-4567-8 |
| El Túnel | 12-3456-7 |
| AUTOR | Ref |
| - | - |
| Gabriel García Márquez | 23-4567-8 |
| George Orwell | 89-0123-4 |
| Ernesto Sábato | 12-3456-7 |
- La tabla se ordena automáticamente con la clave primaria
- Tiene mayor desempeño en consultas buscando a través de clave primaria
- En el caso de buscar en un campo que no seas llave primaria, el costo es el
mismo que usando MyISAM
- La tabla esta ordenada con la PK por defecto
- Los índices que no son PK poseen estructuras separadas y toman como
referencia el valor de la PK
- Solo trabaja con **B-TREE**
> **HASH** y **B-TREE** son algoritmos de busqueda en listas ordenadas
## Arbol Binario
- Valores a la izquierda del nodo son menores
- Valores a la derecha del nodo son mayores
```mermaid
graph TD
idA((27)) --> idB1((13))
idA --> idB2((35))
idB1 --> idC1((26))
idB2 --> idC3((33))
idB2 --> idC4((39))
```
Consideraciones sobre **B-TREE**
- Balanced - Binary Tree
- +4 Mil millones de registros en 32 niveles
```mermaid
graph TD
iA((.)) --> iB1((.))
iA((.)) --> iB2((.))
iB1((.)) --> iC1((.))
iB1((.)) --> iC2((.))
iB2((.)) --> iC3((.))
iB2((.)) --> iC4((.))
iC1((.)) --> iD1((.))
iC1((.)) --> iD2((.))
iC1((.)) --> iD3((.))
iC1((.)) --> iD4((.))
iC2((.)) --> iD5((.))
iC2((.)) --> iD6((.))
iC2((.)) --> iD7((.))
iC2((.)) --> iD8((.))
iC3((.)) --> iD9((.))
iC3((.)) --> iD10((.))
iC3((.)) --> iD11((.))
iC3((.)) --> iD12((.))
iC4((.)) --> iD13((.))
iC4((.)) --> iD14((.))
iC4((.)) --> iD15((.))
iC4((.)) --> iD16((.))
```
Ejemplo
```mermaid
%%{init: {'theme': 'dark','themeVariables': {'clusterBkg': '#2b2f38'}}}%%
graph TD
subgraph " "
A1 ---> B
A2 ---> C
A3 ---> D
subgraph A[" "]
direction TB
A1[256]
A2[521]
A3[768]
end
subgraph B[" "]
direction TB
B11[64]
B12[128]
B13[192]
end
subgraph C[" "]
direction TB
B21[256]
B22[521]
B23[768]
end
subgraph D[" "]
direction TB
B31[832]
B32[896]
B33[960]
end
end
```
## HASH
Mapea datos grandes de tamaño variable en una "palabra" de tamaño fijo
Ejemplo
| Dato | Hash |
| - | - |
| ASDWERSDFJJKSHDFHKCUENVSIUUVSIUEURIHSCVIUHSER | 49855139 |
| KSDFHEHS | f9c0591e |
| 123IERUDJFH124IUDF26HD45 | f2188c85 |
| DF | 795741b2 |
[<img src="./imgs/hash_table.svg" width="1000"/>](./imgs/hash_table.svg)
## Creando indices
```sql
ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
1 row in set (0.211 sec)
```
<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
```json
ANALYZE: {
"query_optimization": {
"r_total_time_ms": 0.228188173
},
"query_block": {
"select_id": 1,
"r_loops": 1,
"r_total_time_ms": 208.0312466,
"nested_loop": [
{
"table": {
"table_name": "facturas",
"access_type": "ALL",
"r_loops": 1,
"rows": 87768,
"r_rows": 87877,
"r_table_time_ms": 159.3170115,
"r_other_time_ms": 48.68916427,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 0.08420861,
"attached_condition": "facturas.FECHA_VENTA = DATE'2017-01-01'"
}
}
]
}
}
```
</details>
#### Agregando indice `fecha`
```sql
ALTER TABLE facturas ADD INDEX(fecha_venta);
ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
1 row in set (0.004 sec)
```
<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
```json
ANALYZE: {
"query_optimization": {
"r_total_time_ms": 0.383672043
},
"query_block": {
"select_id": 1,
"r_loops": 1,
"r_total_time_ms": 1.303775168,
"nested_loop": [
{
"table": {
"table_name": "facturas",
"access_type": "ref",
"possible_keys": ["FECHA_VENTA"],
"key": "FECHA_VENTA",
"key_length": "4",
"used_key_parts": ["FECHA_VENTA"],
"ref": ["const"],
"r_loops": 1,
"rows": 74,
"r_rows": 74,
"r_table_time_ms": 1.180700563,
"r_other_time_ms": 0.099922552,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 100
}
}
]
}
}
```
</details>
#### Quitando el índice
```sql
ALTER TABLE facturas DROP INDEX(fecha_venta);
ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
1 row in set (0.180 sec)
```
<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
```json
ANALYZE: {
"query_optimization": {
"r_total_time_ms": 0.192326251
},
"query_block": {
"select_id": 1,
"r_loops": 1,
"r_total_time_ms": 177.6817744,
"nested_loop": [
{
"table": {
"table_name": "facturas",
"access_type": "ALL",
"r_loops": 1,
"rows": 87768,
"r_rows": 87877,
"r_table_time_ms": 135.9970415,
"r_other_time_ms": 41.66515984,
"filtered": 100,
"r_filtered": 0.08420861,
"attached_condition": "facturas.FECHA_VENTA = DATE'2017-01-01'"
}
}
]
}
}
```
</details>
### Plan de ejecución gráfico en Workbench
Ejemplo
[<img src="./imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png" width="350"/>](./imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png)
```sql
SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, I.cantidad FROM tabla_de_productos P
INNER JOIN items_facturas I
ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto;
```
[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query1.png" width="400"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query1.png)
```sql
SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, YEAR(F.fecha_venta) AS "AÑO", I.cantidad
FROM tabla_de_productos P
INNER JOIN items_facturas I
ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto
INNER JOIN facturas F ON I.numero = F.numero;
```
[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query2.png" width="450"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query2.png)
Sin índices ni claves primarias
```sql
SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, YEAR(F.fecha_venta) AS "AÑO", I.cantidad
FROM tabla_de_productos2 P
INNER JOIN items_facturas2 I
ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto
INNER JOIN facturas2 F ON I.numero = F.numero;
```
[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query3.png" width="450"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query3.png)
### mysqslap
`mysqslap` o `mariadb-slap`
```txt
mariadb-slap -u <user> -p -h <dbaddres> -P 3306 \
--concurrency=100 --iterations=10 --create-schema=jugos2 \
--query="SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha_venta='20170101'";
Enter password:
Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 15.112 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 15.022 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 15.287 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 1
```
## Administración de usuarios
Esto se puede realizar desde Workbench:
`-> Pestaña Administración -> Users and Privileges` Donde se pueden escoger
los roles que se quieran asignar al usuario
### User Administrador Manual
```sql
CREATE USER 'dbadmin-user' identified by 'dbadmin-password';
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `%`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY 'dbadmin-password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'dbadmin-user'@`%` WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
### Usuario con privilegios para schema `schema1`, uso local
```sql
CREATE USER 'basic-admin' identified by 'basic-admin-password';
GRANT USAGE ON 'schema1'.* TO 'basic-admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'basic-admin-password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON 'schema1'.* TO 'basic-admin'@`%`;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
### Usuario con privilegios limitados
`SELECT`, `UPDATE`, `INSERT`, `DELETE`, `EXECUTE`, `LOCK TABLES`, `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES` para schema `schema1`, uso local:
```sql
CREATE USER 'limited-user' identified by 'limited-user-password';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES,
EXECUTE ON 'schema1'.* TO 'limited-user'@'localhost'
IDENTIFIED BY 'limited-user-password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
### Usuario con privilegios solo lectura
Para todas los schemas con acceso remoto:
```sql
CREATE USER 'limited-user' identified by 'limited-user-password';
GRANT SELECT, EXECUTE ON *.* TO 'limited-user'@'%'
IDENTIFIED BY 'limited-user-password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
### Backup user
```sql
CREATE USER 'backup-user' identified by 'backup-user-password';
GRANT SELECT, RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'backup-user'@'%'
IDENTIFIED BY 'backup-user-password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```
### Limitando accesos remotos
- `192.168.1.%`: 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255
- `192.168.1.1_`: 192.168.1.100 - 192.168.1.255
- `cliente_.empresa.com`: clientXY.empresa.com
### Revocar todos los privilegios
```sql
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'usuario'@'localhost';
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRATN OPTION FROM 'user'@'localhost';
```

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011_mysql/imgs/hash_table.svg Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Created on 2009-04-10 by Jorge Stolfi with the script make-hash-table-figure -->
<svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
width="450.0"
height="310.0"
id="fig"
stroke-linejoin="round"
stroke-opacity="1"
stroke-linecap="round"
fill-opacity="1"
fill-rule="evenodd"
font-family="Bitstream Courier"
font-style="normal"
font-weight="normal"
pagecolor="#ffff00"
pageopacity="0.0">
<g
font-size="12px"
transform="scale(1.0) translate(10,60)"
>
<defs>
<!-- Start marker for non-null pointers: -->
<marker id="linkdot_N" viewBox="0 0 8 8" refX="4" refY="4" markerWidth="8" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
<circle cx="4" cy="4" r="3" stroke="#000000" fill="#000000" />
</marker>
<!-- Start marker for null pointers: -->
<marker id="linkdot_U" viewBox="0 0 8 8" refX="4" refY="4" markerWidth="8" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
<line x1="1" y1="1" x2="7" y2="7" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="1" y1="7" x2="7" y2="1" stroke="#000000" />
</marker>
<!-- Tip for arrows: -->
<marker id="arrowtip_N" viewBox="0 0 14 8" refX="13" refY="4" markerWidth="14" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
<polygon points="1,4 1,1 13,4 1,7" stroke="#000000" fill="#000000" />
</marker>
<!-- Tip for highlighted arrows: -->
<marker id="arrowtip_C" viewBox="0 0 14 8" refX="13" refY="4" markerWidth="14" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
<polygon points="1,4 1,1 13,4 1,7" stroke="#cc0000" fill="#cc0000" />
</marker>
<!-- Key box in input column, normal: -->
<rect id="key_box_N" y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#00ffff" stroke="none" />
<!-- Key box in input column, highlighted : -->
<rect id="key_box_C" y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#00ffff" stroke="none" />
<!-- Key box in bucket or overflow columns, normal: -->
<rect id="key_box_E" y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Key box in bucket or overflow columns, vacant: -->
<rect id="key_box_U" y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Value box in bucket or overflow columns, occupied: -->
<rect id="val_box_E" y="0" x="0" width="80" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Value box in bucket or overflow columns, vacant: -->
<rect id="val_box_U" y="0" x="0" width="80" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Pointer box in bucket or overflow columns, used and non-null: -->
<rect id="ptr_box_E" y="0" x="0" width="20" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Pointer box in bucket or overflow columns, null/vacant: -->
<rect id="ptr_box_U" y="0" x="0" width="20" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
<!-- Background for hash value, unused: -->
<rect id="hsh_box_U" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="none" />
<!-- Background for hash value, used: -->
<rect id="hsh_box_N" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#a8a8ff" stroke="none" />
<!-- Background for hash value, highlighted: -->
<rect id="hsh_box_C" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#ee4444" stroke="none" />
<!-- Vertical dots: -->
<g id="vdots">
<rect x="0" y="06" width="2" height="2" />
<rect x="0" y="12" width="2" height="2" />
</g>
</defs>
<!-- Keys and hash function -->
<g transform="translate(0,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
<text x="45" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none"> keys
</text>
<g transform="translate(0,30)">
<use xlink:href="#key_box_C" />
<text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">John Smith</text>
<line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#dd0000" />
<line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="80" stroke="#dd0000" />
<line x1="130" y1="80" x2="150" y2="80" stroke="#dd0000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_C)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(0,70)">
<use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
<text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Lisa Smith</text>
<line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-40" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="130" y1="-40" x2="150" y2="-40" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(0,110)">
<use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
<text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Sam Doe</text>
<line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="100" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="130" y1="100" x2="150" y2="100" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(0,150)">
<use xlink:href="#key_box_C" />
<text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Sandra Dee</text>
<line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#dd0000" />
<line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-40" stroke="#dd0000" />
<line x1="130" y1="-40" x2="150" y2="-40" stroke="#dd0000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_C)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(0,190)">
<use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
<text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Ted Baker</text>
<line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-60" stroke="#000000" />
<line x1="130" y1="-60" x2="150" y2="-60" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
</g>
<!-- Hash values and bucket array -->
<g transform="translate(150,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
<text x="50" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none">
buckets
</text>
<g transform="translate(000,0)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">000</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,20)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
<text x="20" y="14">001</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="0" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,40)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">002</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,60)">
<text x="20" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
<text x="50" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,80)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">151</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,100)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_C" />
<text x="20" y="14">152</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="-30" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,120)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
<text x="20" y="14">153</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="50" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,140)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">154</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,160)">
<text x="20" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
<text x="50" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,180)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">253</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,200)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
<text x="20" y="14">254</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="20" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,220)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
<text x="20" y="14">255</text>
<use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
<line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
</g>
</g>
<!-- Hash values and bucket array -->
<g transform="translate(240,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
<text x="95" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none">
entries
</text>
<g transform="translate(000,10)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
<use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
<text x="65" y="14">Lisa Smith</text>
<use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
<text x="150" y="14">521-8976</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,60)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="50" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
<use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
<text x="65" y="14">John Smith</text>
<use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
<text x="150" y="14">521-1234</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,110)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
<use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
<text x="65" y="14">Sandra Dee</text>
<use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
<text x="150" y="14">521-9655</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,160)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
<use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
<text x="65" y="14">Ted Baker</text>
<use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
<text x="150" y="14">418-4165</text>
</g>
<g transform="translate(000,210)">
<use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
<line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
<use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
<text x="65" y="14">Sam Doe</text>
<use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
<text x="150" y="14">521-5030</text>
</g>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
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011_mysql/imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png Normal file
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22
011_mysql/proyecto_scripts/manage_db.sh
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@ -7,38 +7,42 @@ while read LINE; do
declare "$LINE" 2>/dev/null
done < $BASEDIR/.env
connect_db(){
maria_connect(){
echo "mariadb -u ${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} -h ${DBADDR%%:*} ${DBNAME} -P ${DBADDR##*:}"
}
connect_db(){
$(maria_connect)
}
create_tables(){
$(connect_db) < ./create_tables.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./create_tables.sql
}
populate_tables(){
$(connect_db) < ./populate_tables.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./populate_tables.sql
}
import_records(){
$(connect_db) < ./import_records.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./import_records.sql
}
re_create_tables(){
$(connect_db) < ./re_create_tables.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./re_create_tables.sql
}
create_f_sp(){
$(connect_db) < ./funcs_sp.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./funcs_sp.sql
}
create_triggers(){
$(connect_db) < ./triggers.sql
$(maria_connect) < ./triggers.sql
}
deactivate_session(){
unset DBNAME DBUSER DBPASS DBADDR PEPPER
unset VersionStr BASEDIR
unset connect_db create_populate_tables
unset VersionStr BASEDIR connect_db
unset maria_connect create_populate_tables
unset populate_tables import_records
unset re_create_tables create_f_sp
unset create_triggers deactivate_session