OCI 1

DBA Seguridad y Optimización MySQL 2
Termino formación adicional MySQL
2023-11-13 22:39:32 -03:00 · 2023-10-31 18:42:25 -03:00
18 changed files with 1529 additions and 32 deletions
--- a/011_mysql/dba_seguridad_optimiz.md
+++ b/011_mysql/dba_seguridad_optimiz.md
@ -61,36 +61,35 @@ systemctl stop mysql

 La puesta a punto de MySQL se puede realizar de 4 maneras

-### 1. Esquemas, índices, variables interdas de MySQL (mysqld), Hardware y S.O.
+### Esquemas, índices, variables internas de MySQL (mysqld), Hardware y S.O.

-  - HARDWARE
-    - Utilizar sistemas operativos de 64-bits. Mysql puede usar procesamiento
-    en paralelo y consumir toda la memoria
-    - Configuración de RAM. Parametro que permite indicar el máximo de memoria
-    disponible para los procesos. No se recomienda exceder el 50%
-    - Dependiendo de la forma con la que se trabaje la base de datos va a variar
-    su consumo de memoria
-    - El tipo del disco: HDD, SSD, NVME
-    - Conexión SATA, SAS, M2, PCIe.
-    - Uso del controlador de disco **RAID** (0, 1, 5 y 10) para la seguridad
-    de los datos
-      - **RAID 0**: Divide los datos en dos HD diferentes, y actuan como un
-      solo disco a nivel de S.O
-      - **RAID 1**: Uno de los HD es copia del otro, y lo que realize en uno
-      se replica automáticamente en el otro
-      - **RAID 5**: Divide los datos en más de dos HD diferentes, y actuan
-      como un solo disco a nivel de S.O
-      - **RAID 10**: Los discos tiene ***espejos***, y lo que realize en uno
-      se replica automáticamente en el otro
-      - **RAID 1 y 10**: Utilizan mas espacio producto de la redundancia, pero
-      son mas seguros por tener backup disponible
+#### HARDWARE

+- Utilizar sistemas operativos de 64-bits. Mysql puede usar procesamiento
+en paralelo y consumir toda la memoria
+- Configuración de RAM. Parametro que permite indicar el máximo de memoria
+disponible para los procesos. No se recomienda exceder el 50%
+- Dependiendo de la forma con la que se trabaje la base de datos va a variar
+su consumo de memoria
+- El tipo del disco: HDD, SSD, NVME
+- Conexión SATA, SAS, M2, PCIe.
+- Uso del controlador de disco **RAID** (0, 1, 5 y 10) para la seguridad
+de los datos
+  - **RAID 0**: Divide los datos en dos HD diferentes, y actuan como un
+  solo disco a nivel de S.O
+  - **RAID 1**: Uno de los HD es copia del otro, y lo que realize en uno
+  se replica automáticamente en el otro
+  - **RAID 5**: Divide los datos en más de dos HD diferentes, y actuan
+  como un solo disco a nivel de S.O
+  - **RAID 10**: Los discos tiene ***espejos***, y lo que realize en uno
+  se replica automáticamente en el otro
+  - **RAID 1 y 10**: Utilizan mas espacio producto de la redundancia, pero
+  son mas seguros por tener backup disponible

 > RAID [wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_RAID_levels)  
 Nested RAID [wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested_RAID_levels)  
 RAID [ArchWiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/RAID)

-
 <details><summary markdown="span">RAID</summary>

 #### RAID 0
@ -409,3 +408,617 @@ LOCK instance for backup;

 UNLOCK INSTANCE;
 ```
+
+## Plan de ejecución
+
+Tomar como ejemplo esta consulta
+
+```sql
+SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
+FROM productos P
+INNER JOIN items I
+    ON P.codigo = I.codigo
+INNER JOIN facturas F
+    ON I.numero = F.numero
+GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
+ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha);
+```
+
+### EXPLAIN
+
+```sql
+EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON
+SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
+FROM productos P
+INNER JOIN items I
+    ON P.codigo = I.codigo
+INNER JOIN facturas F
+    ON I.numero = F.numero
+GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
+ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha)\G;
+```
+
+<details><summary markdown="span">Salida</summary>
+
+```json
+*************************** 1. row ***************************
+EXPLAIN: {
+  "query_block": {
+    "select_id": 1,
+    "filesort": {
+      "sort_key": "P.codigo, year(F.fecha)",
+      "temporary_table": {
+        "nested_loop": [
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "P",
+              "access_type": "index",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
+              "key": "PRIMARY",
+              "key_length": "42",
+              "used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
+              "rows": 35,
+              "filtered": 100,
+              "using_index": true
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "I",
+              "access_type": "ref",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "codigo"],
+              "key": "codigo",
+              "key_length": "42",
+              "used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
+              "ref": ["empresa.P.codigo"],
+              "rows": 3329,
+              "filtered": 100
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "F",
+              "access_type": "eq_ref",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
+              "key": "PRIMARY",
+              "key_length": "4",
+              "used_key_parts": ["numero"],
+              "ref": ["empresa.I.numero"],
+              "rows": 1,
+              "filtered": 100
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+### ANALYZE
+
+```sql
+ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON
+SELECT P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha) as "Año", SUM(I.cantidad) AS "Cantidad"
+FROM productos P
+INNER JOIN items I
+    ON P.codigo = I.codigo
+INNER JOIN facturas F
+    ON I.numero = F.numero
+GROUP BY P.codigo, YEAR(F.fecha)
+ORDER BY P.codigo,YEAR(F.fecha)\G;
+```
+
+<details><summary markdown="span">Salida</summary>
+
+```json
+*************************** 1. row ***************************
+ANALYZE: {
+  "query_optimization": {
+    "r_total_time_ms": 0.587444996
+  },
+  "query_block": {
+    "select_id": 1,
+    "r_loops": 1,
+    "r_total_time_ms": 7608.934695,
+    "filesort": {
+      "sort_key": "P.codigo, year(F.fecha)",
+      "r_loops": 1,
+      "r_total_time_ms": 0.187826969,
+      "r_used_priority_queue": false,
+      "r_output_rows": 155,
+      "r_buffer_size": "6Kb",
+      "r_sort_mode": "sort_key,rowid",
+      "temporary_table": {
+        "nested_loop": [
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "P",
+              "access_type": "index",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
+              "key": "PRIMARY",
+              "key_length": "42",
+              "used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
+              "r_loops": 1,
+              "rows": 35,
+              "r_rows": 35,
+              "r_table_time_ms": 0.15660869,
+              "r_other_time_ms": 0.195472139,
+              "filtered": 100,
+              "r_filtered": 100,
+              "using_index": true
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "I",
+              "access_type": "ref",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "codigo"],
+              "key": "codigo",
+              "key_length": "42",
+              "used_key_parts": ["codigo"],
+              "ref": ["empresa.P.codigo"],
+              "r_loops": 35,
+              "rows": 3329,
+              "r_rows": 6098.6,
+              "r_table_time_ms": 2265.69671,
+              "r_other_time_ms": 306.4226053,
+              "filtered": 100,
+              "r_filtered": 100
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "table": {
+              "table_name": "F",
+              "access_type": "eq_ref",
+              "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
+              "key": "PRIMARY",
+              "key_length": "4",
+              "used_key_parts": ["numero"],
+              "ref": ["empresa.I.numero"],
+              "r_loops": 213451,
+              "rows": 1,
+              "r_rows": 1,
+              "r_table_time_ms": 2630.998751,
+              "r_other_time_ms": 2405.134662,
+              "filtered": 100,
+              "r_filtered": 100
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+## Indices
+
+Facilitan la búsqueda de datos dentro de las tablas (Diccionario). Si no se
+cuenta con una estructura de índices se debe recorrer toda la tabla hasta
+encontrar el registro
+
+### Indices en MyISAM
+
+| ID | TITULO | AUTOR |
+| - | - | - |
+| 23-4567-8 | Cien años de soledad | Gabriel García Márquez |
+| 12-3456-7 | El Túnel | Ernesto Sábato |
+| 89-0123-4 | 1984 | George Orwell |
+
+El índice crea estas tablas de referencia
+
+| TITULO | Ref |
+| - | - |
+| 1984 | {3} |
+| Cien años de soledad | {1} |
+| El Túnel | {2} |
+
+| AUTOR | Ref |
+| - | - |
+| Gabriel García Márquez | {1} |
+| George Orwell | {3} |
+| Ernesto Sábato | {2} |
+
+| ID | Ref |
+| - | - |
+| 12-3456-7 | {2} |
+| 23-4567-8 | {1} |
+| 89-0123-4 | {3} |
+
+- Siempre que se modifique una tabla, todos los índices se actualizan
+- A mayor cantidad de datos, mayor tiempo de ejecución
+- Crea una estructura separada para índices PK y no PK
+- La columna inicial del índice es ordenada y toma como referencia la
+posición de la fila de la tabla original
+- Implenta índices **HASH** y **B-TREE**
+
+### Indices en InnoDB
+
+La clave primaria es el índice
+
+| ID | TITULO | AUTOR |
+| - | - | - |
+| **23-4567-8** | Cien años de soledad | Gabriel García Márquez |
+| **12-3456-7** | El Túnel | Ernesto Sábato |
+| **89-0123-4** | 1984 | George Orwell |
+
+Si se utiliza otro campo como índice, la referencia de este va a ser la clave
+primaria
+
+| TITULO | Ref |
+| - | - |
+| 1984 | 89-0123-4 |
+| Cien años de soledad | 23-4567-8 |
+| El Túnel | 12-3456-7 |
+
+| AUTOR | Ref |
+| - | - |
+| Gabriel García Márquez | 23-4567-8 |
+| George Orwell | 89-0123-4 |
+| Ernesto Sábato | 12-3456-7 |
+
+- La tabla se ordena automáticamente con la clave primaria
+- Tiene mayor desempeño en consultas buscando a través de clave primaria
+- En el caso de buscar en un campo que no seas llave primaria, el costo es el
+mismo que usando MyISAM
+- La tabla esta ordenada con la PK por defecto
+- Los índices que no son PK poseen estructuras separadas y toman como
+referencia el valor de la PK
+- Solo trabaja con **B-TREE**
+
+> **HASH** y **B-TREE** son algoritmos de busqueda en listas ordenadas
+
+## Arbol Binario
+
+- Valores a la izquierda del nodo son menores
+- Valores a la derecha del nodo son mayores
+
+```mermaid
+graph TD
+    idA((27)) --> idB1((13))
+    idA --> idB2((35))
+    idB1 --> idC1((26))
+    idB2 --> idC3((33))
+    idB2 --> idC4((39))
+```
+
+Consideraciones sobre **B-TREE**
+
+- Balanced - Binary Tree
+- +4 Mil millones de registros en 32 niveles
+
+
+```mermaid
+graph TD
+    iA((.)) --> iB1((.))
+    iA((.)) --> iB2((.))
+    iB1((.)) --> iC1((.))
+    iB1((.)) --> iC2((.))
+    iB2((.)) --> iC3((.))
+    iB2((.)) --> iC4((.))
+    iC1((.)) --> iD1((.))
+    iC1((.)) --> iD2((.))
+    iC1((.)) --> iD3((.))
+    iC1((.)) --> iD4((.))
+    iC2((.)) --> iD5((.))
+    iC2((.)) --> iD6((.))
+    iC2((.)) --> iD7((.))
+    iC2((.)) --> iD8((.))
+    iC3((.)) --> iD9((.))
+    iC3((.)) --> iD10((.))
+    iC3((.)) --> iD11((.))
+    iC3((.)) --> iD12((.))
+    iC4((.)) --> iD13((.))
+    iC4((.)) --> iD14((.))
+    iC4((.)) --> iD15((.))
+    iC4((.)) --> iD16((.))
+```
+
+Ejemplo
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'theme': 'dark','themeVariables': {'clusterBkg': '#2b2f38'}}}%%
+graph TD
+
+subgraph " "
+A1 ---> B 
+A2 ---> C
+A3 ---> D
+subgraph A[" "]
+direction TB
+A1[256]
+A2[521]
+A3[768]
+end
+subgraph B[" "]
+direction TB
+B11[64]
+B12[128]
+B13[192]
+end
+subgraph C[" "]
+direction TB
+B21[256]
+B22[521]
+B23[768]
+end
+subgraph D[" "]
+direction TB
+B31[832]
+B32[896]
+B33[960]
+end
+end
+```
+
+## HASH
+
+Mapea datos grandes de tamaño variable en una "palabra" de tamaño fijo
+
+Ejemplo
+
+| Dato | Hash |
+| - | - |
+| ASDWERSDFJJKSHDFHKCUENVSIUUVSIUEURIHSCVIUHSER | 49855139 |
+| KSDFHEHS | f9c0591e |
+| 123IERUDJFH124IUDF26HD45 | f2188c85 |
+| DF | 795741b2 |
+
+[<img src="./imgs/hash_table.svg" width="1000"/>](./imgs/hash_table.svg)
+
+## Creando indices
+
+```sql
+ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
+1 row in set (0.211 sec)
+```
+
+<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
+
+```json
+ANALYZE: {
+  "query_optimization": {
+    "r_total_time_ms": 0.228188173
+  },
+  "query_block": {
+    "select_id": 1,
+    "r_loops": 1,
+    "r_total_time_ms": 208.0312466,
+    "nested_loop": [
+      {
+        "table": {
+          "table_name": "facturas",
+          "access_type": "ALL",
+          "r_loops": 1,
+          "rows": 87768,
+          "r_rows": 87877,
+          "r_table_time_ms": 159.3170115,
+          "r_other_time_ms": 48.68916427,
+          "filtered": 100,
+          "r_filtered": 0.08420861,
+          "attached_condition": "facturas.FECHA_VENTA = DATE'2017-01-01'"
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+#### Agregando indice `fecha`
+
+```sql
+ALTER TABLE facturas ADD INDEX(fecha_venta);
+
+ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
+1 row in set (0.004 sec)
+```
+
+<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
+
+```json
+ANALYZE: {
+  "query_optimization": {
+    "r_total_time_ms": 0.383672043
+  },
+  "query_block": {
+    "select_id": 1,
+    "r_loops": 1,
+    "r_total_time_ms": 1.303775168,
+    "nested_loop": [
+      {
+        "table": {
+          "table_name": "facturas",
+          "access_type": "ref",
+          "possible_keys": ["FECHA_VENTA"],
+          "key": "FECHA_VENTA",
+          "key_length": "4",
+          "used_key_parts": ["FECHA_VENTA"],
+          "ref": ["const"],
+          "r_loops": 1,
+          "rows": 74,
+          "r_rows": 74,
+          "r_table_time_ms": 1.180700563,
+          "r_other_time_ms": 0.099922552,
+          "filtered": 100,
+          "r_filtered": 100
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+#### Quitando el índice
+
+```sql
+ALTER TABLE facturas DROP INDEX(fecha_venta);
+
+ANALYZE FORMAT=JSON SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha = '20170101'\G;
+1 row in set (0.180 sec)
+```
+
+<details><summary markdown="span">Detalle ANALYZE</summary>
+
+```json
+ANALYZE: {
+  "query_optimization": {
+    "r_total_time_ms": 0.192326251
+  },
+  "query_block": {
+    "select_id": 1,
+    "r_loops": 1,
+    "r_total_time_ms": 177.6817744,
+    "nested_loop": [
+      {
+        "table": {
+          "table_name": "facturas",
+          "access_type": "ALL",
+          "r_loops": 1,
+          "rows": 87768,
+          "r_rows": 87877,
+          "r_table_time_ms": 135.9970415,
+          "r_other_time_ms": 41.66515984,
+          "filtered": 100,
+          "r_filtered": 0.08420861,
+          "attached_condition": "facturas.FECHA_VENTA = DATE'2017-01-01'"
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+
+### Plan de ejecución gráfico en Workbench
+
+Ejemplo
+
+[<img src="./imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png" width="350"/>](./imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png)
+
+```sql
+SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, I.cantidad FROM tabla_de_productos P
+INNER JOIN items_facturas I
+ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto;
+```
+
+[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query1.png" width="400"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query1.png)
+
+```sql
+SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, YEAR(F.fecha_venta) AS "AÑO", I.cantidad
+FROM tabla_de_productos P
+INNER JOIN items_facturas I
+ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto
+INNER JOIN facturas F ON I.numero = F.numero;
+```
+
+[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query2.png" width="450"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query2.png)
+
+Sin índices ni claves primarias
+
+```sql
+SELECT P.codigo_del_producto, YEAR(F.fecha_venta) AS "AÑO", I.cantidad
+FROM tabla_de_productos2 P
+INNER JOIN items_facturas2 I
+ON P.codigo_del_producto = I.codigo_del_producto
+INNER JOIN facturas2 F ON I.numero = F.numero;
+```
+
+[<img src="./imgs/graph_cost_query3.png" width="450"/>](./imgs/graph_cost_query3.png)
+
+### mysqslap
+
+`mysqslap` o `mariadb-slap`
+
+```txt
+mariadb-slap -u <user> -p -h <dbaddres> -P 3306 \
+             --concurrency=100 --iterations=10 --create-schema=jugos2 \
+             --query="SELECT * FROM facturas WHERE fecha_venta='20170101'";
+Enter password: 
+Benchmark
+    Average number of seconds to run all queries: 15.112 seconds
+    Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 15.022 seconds
+    Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 15.287 seconds
+    Number of clients running queries: 100
+    Average number of queries per client: 1
+```
+
+## Administración de usuarios
+
+Esto se puede realizar desde Workbench:
+
+`-> Pestaña Administración -> Users and Privileges` Donde se pueden escoger
+los roles que se quieran asignar al usuario
+
+### User Administrador Manual
+
+```sql
+CREATE USER 'dbadmin-user' identified by 'dbadmin-password';
+GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `%`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY 'dbadmin-password';
+GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'dbadmin-user'@`%` WITH GRANT OPTION;
+FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
+```
+
+### Usuario con privilegios para schema `schema1`, uso local
+
+```sql
+CREATE USER 'basic-admin' identified by 'basic-admin-password';
+GRANT USAGE ON 'schema1'.* TO 'basic-admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'basic-admin-password';
+GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON 'schema1'.* TO 'basic-admin'@`%`;
+FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
+```
+
+### Usuario con privilegios limitados
+
+`SELECT`, `UPDATE`, `INSERT`, `DELETE`, `EXECUTE`, `LOCK TABLES`, `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES` para schema `schema1`, uso local:
+
+```sql
+CREATE USER 'limited-user' identified by 'limited-user-password';
+GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES,
+EXECUTE ON 'schema1'.* TO 'limited-user'@'localhost'
+IDENTIFIED BY 'limited-user-password';
+FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
+```
+
+### Usuario con privilegios solo lectura
+
+Para todas los schemas con acceso remoto:
+
+```sql
+CREATE USER 'limited-user' identified by 'limited-user-password';
+GRANT SELECT, EXECUTE ON *.* TO 'limited-user'@'%'
+IDENTIFIED BY 'limited-user-password';
+FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
+```
+
+### Backup user
+
+```sql
+CREATE USER 'backup-user' identified by 'backup-user-password';
+GRANT SELECT, RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'backup-user'@'%'
+IDENTIFIED BY 'backup-user-password';
+FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
+```
+
+### Limitando accesos remotos
+
+- `192.168.1.%`: 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255
+- `192.168.1.1_`: 192.168.1.100 - 192.168.1.255
+- `cliente_.empresa.com`: clientXY.empresa.com
+
+### Revocar todos los privilegios
+
+```sql
+SHOW GRANTS FOR 'usuario'@'localhost';
+REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRATN OPTION FROM 'user'@'localhost';
+```
--- a/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query1.png
+++ b/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query1.png
--- a/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query2.png
+++ b/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query2.png
--- a/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query3.png
+++ b/011_mysql/imgs/graph_cost_query3.png
--- a/011_mysql/imgs/hash_table.svg
+++ b/011_mysql/imgs/hash_table.svg
@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
+<!-- Created on 2009-04-10 by Jorge Stolfi with the script make-hash-table-figure -->
+
+<svg
+  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+  width="450.0"
+  height="310.0"
+  id="fig"
+  stroke-linejoin="round"
+  stroke-opacity="1"
+  stroke-linecap="round"
+  fill-opacity="1"
+  fill-rule="evenodd"
+  font-family="Bitstream Courier"
+  font-style="normal"
+  font-weight="normal"
+  pagecolor="#ffff00"
+  pageopacity="0.0">
+
+
+  <g
+    font-size="12px"
+    transform="scale(1.0) translate(10,60)"
+  >
+
+  <defs>
+    <!-- Start marker for non-null pointers: -->
+    <marker id="linkdot_N" viewBox="0 0 8 8" refX="4" refY="4" markerWidth="8" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
+      <circle cx="4" cy="4" r="3" stroke="#000000" fill="#000000" />
+    </marker>
+    <!-- Start marker for null pointers: -->
+    <marker id="linkdot_U" viewBox="0 0 8 8" refX="4" refY="4" markerWidth="8" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
+      <line x1="1" y1="1" x2="7" y2="7" stroke="#000000" />
+      <line x1="1" y1="7" x2="7" y2="1" stroke="#000000" />
+    </marker>
+
+    <!-- Tip for arrows: -->
+    <marker id="arrowtip_N" viewBox="0 0 14 8" refX="13" refY="4" markerWidth="14" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
+      <polygon points="1,4  1,1  13,4  1,7" stroke="#000000" fill="#000000" />
+    </marker>
+    <!-- Tip for highlighted arrows: -->
+    <marker id="arrowtip_C" viewBox="0 0 14 8" refX="13" refY="4" markerWidth="14" markerHeight="8" orient="auto">
+      <polygon points="1,4  1,1  13,4  1,7" stroke="#cc0000" fill="#cc0000" />
+    </marker>
+
+    <!-- Key box in input column, normal: -->
+    <rect id="key_box_N"   y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#00ffff" stroke="none" />
+    <!-- Key box in input column, highlighted : -->
+    <rect id="key_box_C"   y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#00ffff" stroke="none" />
+    <!-- Key box in bucket or overflow columns, normal: -->
+    <rect id="key_box_E"   y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
+    <!-- Key box in bucket or overflow columns, vacant: -->
+    <rect id="key_box_U"   y="0" x="0" width="90" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
+
+    <!-- Value box in bucket or overflow columns, occupied: -->
+    <rect id="val_box_E"   y="0" x="0" width="80" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
+    <!-- Value box in bucket or overflow columns, vacant: -->
+    <rect id="val_box_U"   y="0" x="0" width="80" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
+
+    <!-- Pointer box in bucket or overflow columns, used and non-null: -->
+    <rect id="ptr_box_E"   y="0" x="0" width="20" height="20" fill="#9cff9c" stroke="#000000" />
+    <!-- Pointer box in bucket or overflow columns, null/vacant: -->
+    <rect id="ptr_box_U"   y="0" x="0" width="20" height="20" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="#000000" />
+
+    <!-- Background for hash value, unused: -->
+    <rect id="hsh_box_U" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#ddeedd" stroke="none" />
+    <!-- Background for hash value, used: -->
+    <rect id="hsh_box_N" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#a8a8ff" stroke="none" />
+    <!-- Background for hash value, highlighted: -->
+    <rect id="hsh_box_C" x="3" y="1" width="34" height="18" fill="#ee4444" stroke="none" />
+
+    <!-- Vertical dots: -->
+    <g id="vdots">
+      <rect x="0" y="06" width="2" height="2" />
+      <rect x="0" y="12" width="2" height="2" />
+    </g>
+ </defs>
+
+    <!-- Keys and hash function -->
+    <g transform="translate(0,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
+
+      <text x="45" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none"> keys
+ </text>
+
+      <g transform="translate(0,30)">
+        <use xlink:href="#key_box_C" />
+        <text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">John Smith</text>
+        <line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#dd0000" />
+        <line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="80" stroke="#dd0000" />
+        <line x1="130" y1="80" x2="150" y2="80" stroke="#dd0000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_C)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(0,70)">
+        <use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
+        <text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Lisa Smith</text>
+        <line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-40" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="130" y1="-40" x2="150" y2="-40" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(0,110)">
+        <use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
+        <text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Sam Doe</text>
+        <line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="100" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="130" y1="100" x2="150" y2="100" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(0,150)">
+        <use xlink:href="#key_box_C" />
+        <text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Sandra Dee</text>
+        <line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#dd0000" />
+        <line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-40" stroke="#dd0000" />
+        <line x1="130" y1="-40" x2="150" y2="-40" stroke="#dd0000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_C)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(0,190)">
+        <use xlink:href="#key_box_N" />
+        <text x="45" y="14" stroke="none">Ted Baker</text>
+        <line x1="95" y1="10" x2="100" y2="10" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="100" y1="10" x2="130" y2="-60" stroke="#000000" />
+        <line x1="130" y1="-60" x2="150" y2="-60" stroke="#000000" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+
+    </g>
+
+    <!-- Hash values and bucket array -->
+    <g transform="translate(150,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
+
+      <text x="50" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none">
+ buckets
+ </text>
+
+      <g transform="translate(000,0)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">000</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,20)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">001</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="0" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,40)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">002</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,60)">
+        <text x="20" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
+        <text x="50" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,80)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">151</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,100)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_C" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">152</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="-30" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,120)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">153</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="50" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,140)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">154</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,160)">
+        <text x="20" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
+        <text x="50" y="14" font-weight="bold">:</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,180)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">253</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,200)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_N" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">254</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="90" y2="20" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,220)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#hsh_box_U" />
+        <text x="20" y="14">255</text>
+        <use x="40" xlink:href="#ptr_box_U" />
+        <line x1="50" y1="10" x2="50.000999999999998" y2="10" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+      </g>
+
+    </g>
+
+    <!-- Hash values and bucket array -->
+    <g transform="translate(240,000)" text-anchor="middle" stroke="none">
+
+      <text x="95" y="-10" font-size="15px" font-weight="bold" fill="#000000" stroke="none">
+ entries
+ </text>
+
+      <g transform="translate(000,10)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+        <use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
+        <text x="65" y="14">Lisa Smith</text>
+        <use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
+        <text x="150" y="14">521-8976</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,60)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="50" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_N)" marker-end="url(#arrowtip_N)" />
+        <use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
+        <text x="65" y="14">John Smith</text>
+        <use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
+        <text x="150" y="14">521-1234</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,110)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+        <use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
+        <text x="65" y="14">Sandra Dee</text>
+        <use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
+        <text x="150" y="14">521-9655</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,160)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+        <use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
+        <text x="65" y="14">Ted Baker</text>
+        <use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
+        <text x="150" y="14">418-4165</text>
+      </g>
+      <g transform="translate(000,210)">
+        <use x="0" xlink:href="#ptr_box_E" />
+        <line x1="10" y1="10" x2="10" y2="10.000999999999999" stroke="#000000" marker-start="url(#linkdot_U)" />
+        <use x="20" xlink:href="#key_box_E" />
+        <text x="65" y="14">Sam Doe</text>
+        <use x="110" xlink:href="#val_box_E" />
+        <text x="150" y="14">521-5030</text>
+      </g>
+
+    </g>
+
+  </g>
+</svg>
--- a/011_mysql/imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png
+++ b/011_mysql/imgs/wb-visual-explain-hash-join-sakila.png
--- a/011_mysql/proyecto_scripts/manage_db.sh
+++ b/011_mysql/proyecto_scripts/manage_db.sh
@ -7,38 +7,42 @@ while read LINE; do
    declare "$LINE" 2>/dev/null
 done < $BASEDIR/.env

-connect_db(){
+maria_connect(){
    echo "mariadb -u ${DBUSER} -p${DBPASS} -h ${DBADDR%%:*} ${DBNAME} -P ${DBADDR##*:}"
 }

+connect_db(){
+    $(maria_connect)
+}
+
 create_tables(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./create_tables.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./create_tables.sql
 }

 populate_tables(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./populate_tables.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./populate_tables.sql
 }

 import_records(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./import_records.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./import_records.sql
 }

 re_create_tables(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./re_create_tables.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./re_create_tables.sql
 }

 create_f_sp(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./funcs_sp.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./funcs_sp.sql
 }

 create_triggers(){
-    $(connect_db) < ./triggers.sql
+    $(maria_connect) < ./triggers.sql
 }

 deactivate_session(){
    unset DBNAME DBUSER DBPASS DBADDR PEPPER
-    unset VersionStr BASEDIR
-    unset connect_db create_populate_tables
+    unset VersionStr BASEDIR connect_db
+    unset maria_connect create_populate_tables
    unset populate_tables import_records
    unset re_create_tables create_f_sp
    unset create_triggers deactivate_session
--- a/012_oci/README.md
+++ b/012_oci/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+# Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
+
+## Cloud Computing
+
+Basicamente es el uso de servicio como servidores, almacenamiento, redes, bases
+de datos y otros recursos computacionales a través de internet.
+
+![img](./imgs/servers.jpg)
+
+### Beneficios de uso de la Nube
+
+1. Costos
+2. Velocidad
+3. Escalabilidad
+4. Productividad
+5. Desempeño
+6. Confiabilidad
+7. Seguridad
+
+### Tipos de Nube
+
+- Nube Publica
+- Nube Privada
+- Nube Híbrida
+
+### Tipos de servicios en la Nube
+
+- **IaaS** Infrastructure as a Service
+
+  El tipo más común de servicio en la Nube.
+  Bajo laaS, el proveedor de la Nube proporciona la infraestructura de TI, como
+  servidores, almacenamiento y redes, y se paga de acuerdo al uso.
+  La mayoría de los recursos de TI ofrecidos en el modelo IaaS no están
+  pre-configurados, lo que significa que el consumidor tiene un alto grado de
+  control sobre el entorno en la Nube. Él es quien debe configurar y mantener
+  cualquier software que desee ejecutar sobre la infraestructura provista.
+
+  El IaaS ganó fuerza significativa en los últimos años, especialmente con
+  startups y divisiones independientes de empresas más grandes que tuvieran un
+  crecimiento rápido y busquen construir sus propias aplicaciones esenciales
+  para el negocio, pero evitan la inversión y el mantenimiento que la
+  infraestructura requerirá.
+
+  Además se trata de empresas que muchas veces buscan escalabilidad inmediata,
+  ya que por el rápido crecimiento, necesitan estar preparados para lidiar con
+  un volumen cada vez mayor de trabajo. Con IaaS existe la posibilidad de
+  comprar un nuevo servidor virtual, instalarlo por cuenta propia y obtener esa
+  capacidad adicional en una porción de tiempo mas pequeño.
+
+- **PaaS** Platform as a Service
+
+  PaaS (que significa plataforma como servicio) es un modelo informático en el
+  cual el proveedor de la Nube te asigna, configura y gestiona toda la
+  infraestructura informática, como servidores, redes como en IaaS, así como
+  sistemas operativos, bases de datos, herramientas de desarrollo y
+  administración de empresas.
+
+  En otras palabras, en PaaS toda la configuración de la base de datos, la
+  seguridad y las replicaciones son realizadas por el proveedor con pocos
+  márgenes de configuración, diferente de IaaS, donde las principales
+  configuraciones son hechas por el desarrollador, lo que hace que PaaS sea
+  más costosa que IaaS.
+
+  PaaS es un ambiente de informático listo para su uso, una vez que los
+  recursos y servicios ya están implementados y configurados. Los servicios
+  informáticos PaaS incluyen aquellos que lo ayudan a desarrollar, probar y
+  entregar aplicaciones de software personalizadas.
+
+  Los desarrolladores pueden crear sus aplicaciones rápidamente y un proveedor
+  de la Nube configura y administra la infraestructura informática subyacente.
+  El consumidor puede reemplazar todo el ambiente informático local por el de
+  PaaS o usar PaaS para expandir su ambiente de TI y/o reducir costos con el
+  ambiente en la nube.
+
+- **SaaS** Software as a Service
+
+  SaaS es como un proveedor de la Nube que ofrece aplicaciones de software bajo
+  demanda. En este modelo, el proveedor administra no solo la infraestructura
+  sino también las aplicaciones de software y los usuarios que se conectan a
+  la aplicación a través de internet.
+
+  El software se modela como un servicio de la Nube compartido y disponible
+  para los usuarios como un producto. Los consumidores de la Nube tienen el
+  control administrativo y de gestión limitado.
+
+  Un ejemplo bien conocido de SaaS es Spotify, que es un servicio de música de
+  streaming, podcast y video que fue lanzado en Octubre de 2008 en Estocolmo,
+  Suecia. Es el servicio de streaming más popular y mas usado en todo el mundo.
+
+  SaaS es esencialmente la entrega de aplicaciones directamente de la Nube para
+  usuarios individuales. El hardware que procesa los datos como así también el
+  sistema operativo y no le importará nada para los usuarios finales. que
+  acceden a estas aplicaciones a través de una plataforma como Chrome, Firefox,
+  Safari, Google Play o Apple Store.
+
+  Organizaciones de todos los tamaños han migrado a SaaS. ¿Y por que no?, Por
+  lo tanto no necesitan invertir en mucho hardware y sistemas operativos caros.
+  Además, no tienen que pagar un equipo de TI para mantener la infraestructura
+  o solucionar problemas de las aplicaciones.
+
+  El proveedor de SaaS ofrece todo eso. En caso de no utilizar un proveedor de
+  SaaS, las empresas necesitan comprar una licencia perpetua para ejecutar una
+  aplicación de software en sus sistemas.
+
+- **Serverless** λ
+
+> Lectura
+[¿Que es Cloud?](https://www.aluracursos.com/blog/que-es-cloud-y-sus-principales-servicios)
+
+
+### Principales proveedores
+
+- [AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/)
+
+- Microsoft [Azure](https://azure.microsoft.com/)
+
+- [Google Cloud Platform](https://cloud.google.com/)
+
+- Oracle Cloud Infrastructure [OCI](https://www.oracle.com/es/cloud/)
+
+
+## Cloud Shell
+
+```txt
+Welcome to Oracle Cloud Shell.
+
+Upgrade Notification: In the near future your Cloud Shell session will be hosted
+on virtual machines based on the ARM64 architecture. Most users will be given the
+option to choose the VM architecture for their session. Cloud Shell will also be
+upgrading to Oracle Linux 8. Stay tuned for further updates.
+
+The OCI Ruby SDK will no longer be preinstalled in Cloud Shell. To install the
+OCI Ruby SDK, see https://github.com/oracle/oci-ruby-sdk.
+
+NOTICE: The Metadata Service 1 endpoint is deprecated and will soon be disabled.
+When accessing the Metadata Service from Cloud Shell, use the Metadata Service 2
+endpoint. For more information,
+see https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Compute/Tasks/gettingmetadata.htm
+
+Your Cloud Shell machine comes with 5GB of storage for your home directory. Your
+Cloud Shell (machine and home directory) are located in: US West (Phoenix).
+You are using Cloud Shell in tenancy <USER> as an OCI local user <USUARIO>
+
+Type `help` for more info.
+=================================================================================
+
+Welcome to the Oracle Cloud Shell Tutorial
+
+Cloud Shell is a web-based terminal which includes many useful tools including
+current versions of the OCI CLI and SDKs.
+Would you like to run a tutorial to learn more about all the features included in
+Cloud Shell? (Type N to quit) [Y|N] 
+```
+
+## Cloud Shell tutorial
+
+<details>
+
+<summary markdown="span"><b>Tutorial</b></summary>
+
+### About This Tutorial
+
+```txt
+This is a command line tutorial that runs the first time you start Cloud Shell
+and provides a quick introduction to the service. You can quit this tutorial at
+any time.
+If you would like to run it again, you can do that by typing cstutorial in your
+Cloud Shell terminal at any time.
+```
+
+### This tutorial is going to cover
+
+```txt
+    *  How to use Cloud Shell
+    *  Identifying tools available in Cloud Shell
+    *  Programming language support from Cloud Shell and how to manage your
+       Java Development Kit (JDK) versions
+    *  Running OCI Command Line Interface (CLI) Commands and using OCI's
+       Interactive CLI
+    *  Using the OCI SDKs
+```
+
+### What is Cloud Shell?
+
+```txt
+Cloud Shell is a free web browser-based terminal accessible from the Oracle Cloud
+Console that is pre-installed with a set of useful tools. Each user is provided a
+5 GB home directory which provides persistent storage for your files.
+
+Cloud Shell allows you to perform tasks including:
+
+    *  Writing Linux scripts for managing your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
+       environment
+    *  Developing or running applications built using the OCI SDKs
+    *  Building and running docker containers
+    *  Managing your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Functions
+    *  Accessing public and private resources including:
+        *  Running OCI CLI commands to manage your resources
+        *  Accessing your Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes clusters
+        *  Accessing your compute instances using ssh
+        *  Managing your Autonomous Databases
+
+Your persistent home directory allows you to store scripts and files in your
+Cloud Shell which will be retained for your next session even if you exit or
+restart Cloud Shell. Those files live in your Cloud Shell environment and can
+not be accessed by other users.
+
+The OCI CLI is pre-configured to run as you with all of the policies and
+privileges that have been assigned to you by your Administrator. No additional
+set up is required to use it.
+```
+
+### Tools Available in Cloud Shell
+
+```txt
+CloudShell provides a collection of pre-installed and pre-authenticated tools
+readily accessible to users which are updated on a regular basis including:
+
+    *  OCI Command Line Interface (CLI)
+    *  Source Code Management: Git
+    *  SQL: SQLcl, mysql-community-client
+    *  Kubernetes utilities: kubectl, helm
+    *  Build tools: maven, make
+    *  Provisioning and configuration management: terraform, ansible
+    *  Editors: vim, nano, emacs
+    *  Linux Shells: bash, sh, tmux
+    *  Linux utilities: iputils, jq, wget, zip/unzip, tar (and many more)
+    *  Python tools: pip, iPython
+    *  Typescript/Javascript support: node.js, NPM, nvm
+    *  Docker: Docker engine
+    *  oci-powershell-modules
+    *  GoldenGate Admin client
+```
+
+### Using the OCI Command Line Interface (CLI)
+
+```txt
+Included in Cloud Shell is a current version of the OCI CLI. The CLI is a
+small-footprint tool that you can use on its own or with the Console to complete
+Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 
+tasks. The CLI provides the same core functionality as the Console, plus
+additional commands. Some of these, such as the ability to write and run scripts,
+extend Console functionality.
+
+Cloud Shell updates the version of the OCI CLI on a regular basis. This means you
+are always using the latest version of our tools. We also automatically configure
+your credentials when 
+you launch Cloud Shell so no further setup is required to use the OCI CLI in
+Cloud Shell. Authentication happens automatically.
+
+Hit return to run the oci command oci iam availability-domain list : 
+
+$ oci iam availability-domain list
+```
+
+### Using the OCI CLI in Interactive Mode
+
+```txt
+The CLI also has an interactive mode that simplifies your OCI CLI user experience
+with several new features, including command and parameter suggestions,
+auto-completion, and command reference information.
+
+In interactive mode, suggestions will be made as you navigate the command line.
+For example, it can help find the right arguments for a command, and fill in
+ocids by allowing you to search based on display names.
+
+An example of a command you can run is oci iam availablity-domain list.
+
+To try that now, and go into interactive mode, type oci -i and then hit Return.
+
+And then try the following:
+
+    1. Type in iam and then a space. The CLI will give you a list of choices.
+    2. Type avail and then hit tab to autocomplete the command
+    3. Type a space and then list and then hit return to finish the command
+
+
+Type oci -i to go into interactive mode:
+$ oci -i
+Learn more about interactive features in CLI by watching our informative video
+on YouTube
+-> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lX29Xw1Te54&ab_channel=OracleLearning
+Also see
+https://docs.oracle.com/iaas/Content/API/SDKDocs/cliusing_topic-Using_Interactive_Mode.htm
+> oci
+```
+
+### Using Docker
+
+```txt
+You can use Docker from within Cloud Shell to develop software.
+
+Hit return to docker run hello-world:
+
+$ docker run hello-world
+
+Hello from Docker!
+This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
+
+To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
+ 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
+ 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
+    (amd64)
+ 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
+    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
+ 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
+    to your terminal.
+
+To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
+ $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
+
+Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
+ https://hub.docker.com/
+
+For more examples and ideas, visit:
+ https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
+```
+
+### Supported Programming Languages
+
+```txt
+We support the following programming languages in Cloud Shell so you can write
+your own applications:
+
+    *  Java including multiple versions of Oracle Java as well as
+       GraalVM Enterprise JDK 17
+    *  Python (2 and 3)
+    *  Ruby
+    *  Golang
+    *  JavaScript/NodeJS
+    *  C/C++ using gcc
+    *  sh and bash scripts
+```
+
+### Using the OCI Software Development Kits (SDKs)
+
+```txt
+The OCI Software Development Kits (SDKs) allow you to build and deploy apps that
+integrate with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services. Each SDK provides the tools
+you need to develop an app, including code samples and documentation to create,
+test, and troubleshoot. In addition, if you want to contribute to the development
+of the SDKs, they are all open source and available on GitHub.
+
+Cloud Shell installs and updates the version of the OCI SDKs on a regular basis.
+This means you are always using recent versions of our tools. We also
+automatically configure your credentials when you launch the Cloud Shell so you
+do not have to set up keys if you use the default authentication provider.
+
+To get up and running quickly, you can look at the SDK Cloud Shell Quick Starts
+for each of the languages:
+  https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/developerquickstarts.htm
+
+
+You can also find source and examples on GitHub for the SDKs.
+  *  Java:                  https://github.com/oracle/oci-java-sdk
+  *  Python:                https://github.com/oracle/oci-python-sdk
+  *  Typescript/JavaScript: https://github.com/oracle/oci-typescript-sdk
+  *  .NET:                  https://github.com/oracle/oci-dotnet-sdk
+  *  Go:                    https://github.com/oracle/oci-go-sdk
+  *  Ruby:                  https://github.com/oracle/oci-ruby-sdk
+```
+
+### Code Editor
+
+```txt
+Cloud Shell integrates seamlessly with the OCI Code Editor, allowing you to edit
+code, modify scripts, and update service workflows directly from the OCI Console.
+
+The Code Editor lets you browse, view, and edit files in your Cloud Shell home
+directory and provides a convenient way to perform common code updates for
+various services, including creating and deploying Functions, editing Terraform
+configurations used with Resource Manager stacks, and creating and editing an API.
+It offers the following capabilities that enhance your productivity:
+
+  *  Built-in integration with OCI services, including Functions,
+     Resource Manager, and Data Science
+  *  Access to Cloud Shell and 30+ cloud-based tools
+  *  Git integration and workspace management
+  *  Rich language support
+  *  Session continuity
+  *  Personalized user experience
+
+You can access this from the View menu in the Cloud Shell window or directly from
+the Developer Tools icon in the Console header.
+```
+
+### Configuring Java Versions
+
+```txt
+You can use csruntimectl to configure your version of Java.
+
+To see the set of available Java versions see `csruntimectl java list`.
+Your current JDK is indicated by an *.
+Hit return to list the JDKs available on this system:
+
+$ csruntimectl java list
+   graalvmeejdk-17                /usr/lib64/graalvm/graalvm22-ee-java17
+ * oraclejdk-11                                    /usr/java/jdk-11.0.17
+   oraclejdk-1.8                         /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-1.8-oracle-x64
+
+
+You can then set the JDK version by using the command
+`csruntimectl java set <version from above>`
+
+Hit return to show your current JAVA_HOME: 
+
+$ echo $JAVA_HOME
+/usr/lib64/graalvm/graalvm22-ee-java17
+```
+
+### Transferring Files to and from your Cloud Shell
+
+```txt
+In addition to creating new files and scripts, you can upload files to and
+download files from your Cloud Shell.
+
+Under the tools (aka gear) icon on the top right corner of the Cloud Shell header
+are three options related to File Upload/Download:
+
+  *  Download - allows you to transfer files from your Cloud Shell to your local
+     computer
+  *  Upload - allows you to transfer files from to Cloud Shell from your local
+     computer
+  *  File Transfers - allows you to view active and completed Uploads and
+     Downloads
+
+To Upload files, you can either drag an drop files into the upload dialog (or
+even directly into Cloud Shell) or use the file selection dialog to select
+individual files.
+
+Try dragging a file into the Cloud Shell window to try to upload now.
+
+To Download files, you will have to enter the path starting at your home
+directory in the dialog box. For example, if your file was in ~/temp/myfile you
+would enter temp/myfile.
+```
+
+### Understanding Regions
+
+```txt
+Your Cloud Shell host (and your home directory) live in the Home Region for your
+tenancy regardless of what region is selected in the region pull-down menu in the
+top right corner of the console. This allows your home directory to be available
+no matter what region you are operating in.
+
+Your current region (the region you have selected in the pull-down) is used when
+accessing tenancy resources using the OCI Command Line Interface (CLI) or the OCI
+Software Development Kits (SDKs).
+
+In the current Cloud Shell Session:
+
+  *  Your Home region is us-phoenix-1
+  *  Your Console selected region is us-phoenix-1
+
+
+Note: The region used by the SDKs/CLIs is "sticky" based on what was selected in
+the console when your Cloud Shell was opened and persists as long as the session
+exists. You can identify what region is active by looking at the Cloud Shell
+prompt. It will look like:
+
+    <username>@cloudshell:<directory> (<region>)
+
+If you want to change your region for the CLI/SDK:
+
+  *  Select a new region in the Console region pull-down menu, near the top of
+     the Console.
+  *  Close and reopen your terminal.
+```
+
+### Understanding Network Access from your Cloud Shell
+
+```txt
+By default, your Cloud Shell uses our Public Network which is provisioned with
+both a Service Gateway and additionally has egress to the internet. From your
+Cloud Shell Public Network connection, you can run OCI CLI commands to access
+tenancy resources and also reach public resources. The access to public resources
+allows you to perform tasks like using ssh to access public instances, managing
+public OKE Clusters and pulling from public git repositories.
+
+If you would like to access resources which do not have a public IP, you can
+instead use a Private Network Connection. Using Private Network Access, you can
+connect to a subnet (assuming your administrator has granted you permission) that
+lives in your home region.
+
+See:
+https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/cloudshellintro.htm#Cloud_Shell_Private_Access
+
+Note: No ingress to your Cloud Shell Hosts (in either public or private networks)
+is supported.
+```
+
+### Getting More Information
+
+```txt
+You can find out more about Cloud Shell, the CLI and the SDKs here:
+
+  *  Cloud Shell Overview:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/cloudshellintro.htm
+  *  OCI CLI Overview:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/cliconcepts.htm
+  *  OCI Interactive CLI Overview:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/SDKDocs/cliusing_topic-Using_Interactive_Mode.htm
+  *  OCI SDKs Guides:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/sdks.htm
+  *  OCI SDKs Cloud Shell Quickstarts:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/developerquickstarts.htm
+  *  Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLI Command Reference:
+     https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/tools/oci-cli/latest/oci_cli_docs/
+```
+
+```txt
+Thank you for running our tutorial, and welcome to Cloud Shell!
+```
+
+</details>
+
+### Official Docs
+
+- [Video](https://youtu.be/JBkT44FSf0o) introducción OCI -
+[Docs](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/GSG/Concepts/baremetalintro.htm)
+
+- Video [Compartments](https://youtu.be/VJD19vyu6lI) -
+[Docs](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/Identity/compartments/managingcompartments.htm)
+
+- Video Identity & Access [Management](https://youtu.be/8qaQuoJZYvQ) -
+[Docs](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/Identity/iam/manage-iam.htm)
+
+- Playlist
+[Networking](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvlciYga5j3z7biGjV7-fywS-xEJ3W6Pp) -
+[Docs](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/landing.htm#top)
+
+  ![IAM_diagram](./imgs/IAM_service.png)
+
+- Playlist
+[Compute](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKCk3OyNwIzsAjIaUaVsKdXcfBOy6LASv) -
+[Docs](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/home.htm)
+
+## Oracle Linux 9
+
+Luego de crear la instancia, y una llave pública
+
+### Instalación paquete httpd
+
+```sh
+sudo yum -y install httpd
+```
+
+### Configuración de Firewall
+
+```sh
+sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
+sudo firewall-cmd --reload
+```
+
+### Iniciar servicio httpd
+
+```sh
+sudo systemctl start httpd
+```
+
+### Cambiar a usuario root
+
+```sh
+sudo su
+```
+
+### HTML básico
+
+`/var/www/html/index.html`
+
+```html
+<h1>TEST HTML</h1>
+```
+
+### Edit Default Security List for VCN
+
+![http_rules](./imgs/httpd_rules.png)
+
+### Crear otra instancia para usar load balancer
+
+Se crea una identica a la anterior (free tier)
+
+### Load Balancer
+
+![load_balancer](./imgs/load_balancer.png)
+
+![test_lb1](./imgs/test_lb1.png)
+
+![test_lb2](./imgs/test_lb2.png)
+
+- Video [Load Balancer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tY2UuVbDElc) -
+Docs [OCI](https://docs.oracle.com/es-ww/iaas/Content/home.htm)
--- a/012_oci/imgs/IAM_service.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/IAM_service.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/httpd_rules.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/httpd_rules.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/ipsec_for_vcn.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/ipsec_for_vcn.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/load_balancer.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/load_balancer.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/servers.jpg
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/servers.jpg
--- a/012_oci/imgs/test_lb1.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/test_lb1.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/test_lb2.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/test_lb2.png
--- a/012_oci/imgs/vcn_diagram.png
+++ b/012_oci/imgs/vcn_diagram.png
--- a/014_devops/README.md
+++ b/014_devops/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# DevOps
+
+[Formación](https://app.aluracursos.com/formacion-devops)
+
+- Git y Github
+  - [Intro](../005_Git_y_github/README.md) Git
+  - Trabajo [Colaborativo](.../005_Git_y_github/colab.md)
+  - [Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LmFK6skG7s&t=3s) Git y Github
+- Linux
+  - []()
+  - []()
+  - Artículo
+  [tar](https://www.aluracursos.com/blog/Linux-comprimiendo-y-descomprimiendo-archivos-con-el-tar)
+  - Artículo
+  [rutas y directorios](https://www.aluracursos.com/blog/trabajando-con-caminos-y-carpetas-en-el-terminal)
+- Redes
+  - []()
+  - []()
+  - Artículo
+  [Telnet y SSH](https://www.aluracursos.com/blog/ssh-telnet-y-las-diferencias-para-conectar-en-un-servidor)
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -59,5 +59,19 @@ primoridiales en programación con Javascript
 ### Etapa AlumniONE - Extra

 - [SQL con MySQL Server de Oracle](./011_mysql/README.md)
+  - Introducción a SQL con [MySQL](./010_spring_boot/base_de_datos.md)
+  - Consultas [SQL](./011_mysql/consultas_sql.md)
+  - DML: Manipulación de [datos con MySQL](./011_mysql/dml.md)
+  - SQL [Procedures](./011_mysql/procedures.md)
+  - Proyecto final [MySQL](./011_mysql/proyecto_mysql.md)
+  - DBA [Seguridad y Optimización](./011_mysql/dba_seguridad_optimiz.md)
 - [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure](./012_oci/README.md)
 - [Python, Data Science en OCI y Oracle Analytics](./013_python_oci/README.md)
+
+## Formaciónes Adicionales
+
+### [DevOps](https://app.aluracursos.com/formacion-devops)
+
+- [Git]()
+- [Linux]()
+- [Redes]()
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
devfzn	eb6e6c0fbf	OCI 1	2023-11-13 22:39:32 -03:00
devfzn	2286ef5f62	DBA Seguridad y Optimización MySQL 2 Termino formación adicional MySQL	2023-10-31 18:42:25 -03:00