/*
  LiquidCrystal Library - Custom Characters  The circuit:
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 * 10K potentiometer:
 * ends to +5V and ground
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 * 10K poterntiometer on pin A0

https://mikeyancey.com/hamcalc/lcd_characters.php
*/
// include the library code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 9, 8, 7, 6);

// make some custom characters:
byte heart[8] = { 0b00000, 0b01010, 0b11111, 0b11111,
                  0b11111, 0b01110, 0b00100, 0b00000};

byte smiley[8] = { 0b00000, 0b00000, 0b01010, 0b00000,
                   0b00000, 0b10001, 0b01110, 0b00000};

byte frownie[8] = { 0b00000, 0b00000, 0b01010, 0b00000,
                    0b00000, 0b00000, 0b01110, 0b10001};

byte armsDown[8] = { 0b00100, 0b01010, 0b00100, 0b00100,
                     0b01110, 0b10101, 0b00100, 0b01010};

byte armsUp[8] = { 0b00100, 0b01010, 0b00100, 0b10101,
                   0b01110, 0b00100, 0b00100, 0b01010};

void setup() {
    // initialize LCD and set up the number of columns and rows: 
    lcd.begin(16, 2);
    // create a new characters
    lcd.createChar(0, heart);
    lcd.createChar(1, smiley);
    lcd.createChar(2, frownie);
    lcd.createChar(3, armsDown);
    lcd.createChar(4, armsUp);
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    // Print a message to the lcd.
    lcd.print("I "); 
    // when calling lcd.write() '0' must be cast as a byte
    lcd.write(byte(0)); 
    lcd.print(" Arduino! ");
    lcd.write((byte) 1);
}

void loop() {
    // read the potentiometer on A0:
    int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);
    // map the result to 200 - 1000:
    int delayTime = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023, 200, 1000);
    // set the cursor to the bottom row, 5th position:
    lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
    // draw the little man, arms down:
    lcd.write(3);
    delay(delayTime);
    lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
    // draw him arms up:
    lcd.write(4);
    delay(delayTime);
}