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15
018_Conditional_branching_and_looping/GuidedProject/Own/Program.cs
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@ -126,13 +126,22 @@ int availability(string[,] animals) {
return slots; return slots;
} }
string get_input(string text="Please enter your text: ") { string get_input(string text="Please enter your text: ", bool integer=false) {
bool invalid = true; bool invalid = true;
while (invalid){ while (invalid){
print(text, false); print(text, false);
string? usr_in = Console.ReadLine(); string? usr_in = Console.ReadLine();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(usr_in) && usr_in.Trim() != "") { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(usr_in) && usr_in.Trim() != "") {
return usr_in.Trim(); if (integer) {
string resp = usr_in.Trim();
int temp_int;
if (int.TryParse(resp, out temp_int)) {
print($"Opción 1: {temp_int}");
return resp;
}
} else {
return usr_in.Trim();
}
} }
} }
return ""; return "";
@ -143,7 +152,7 @@ void add_new_pet(string[,] animals, int slots){
string id = $"{rand_str(abcd)}{rand_int(nums)}"; string id = $"{rand_str(abcd)}{rand_int(nums)}";
string specie = get_input("Enter pet specie: "); string specie = get_input("Enter pet specie: ");
string name = get_input("Enter the pet name: "); string name = get_input("Enter the pet name: ");
int age = Int32.Parse(get_input("Enter pet age: ")); int age = Int32.Parse(get_input("Enter pet age: ", true));
string desc = get_input("Enter the physical description: "); string desc = get_input("Enter the physical description: ");
string perso = get_input("Enter pet personality: "); string perso = get_input("Enter pet personality: ");
//print($"Will be added at index: {at_indx}"); //print($"Will be added at index: {at_indx}");

409
019_branching_and_looping_structures/019_csharp.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
# Challenge project
## Develop branching and looping structures in C#
Demonstrate your ability to develop a console app that implements selection and
iteration statements to achieve app specifications.
### Learning objectives
In this module, you'll demonstrate your ability to:
- Use Visual Studio Code to develop a C# console application that uses a
combination of selection and iteration statements to implement logical
workflows in accordance with supplied application data and user interactions.
- Evaluate the underlying conditions and make an informed decision when
choosing between if-elseif-else and switch statements, and between foreach,
for, while, and do iteration statements.
- Scope variables at an appropriate level within an application.
## Introduction
Applications often use a combination of selection and iteration statements to
establish code execution paths. In addition, user input and calculations
influence the flow through an application. Creating a user interface that
implements a design specification can be challenging.
Suppose you're a developer working on the Contoso Pets application, an
application that's used to find homes for stray or abandoned pets. Some of the
development work has already been completed. For example, the application's
main menu and the code used to store new pet information have been developed.
However, certain information isn't always available when a pet is entered in
your system. You need to develop the features that ensure a complete dataset
exists for each animal in your care.
In this module, you'll develop the following features of the Contoso Pets
application:
- A feature that ensures animal ages and physical descriptions are complete.
- A feature that ensures animal nickname and personality descriptions are
complete.
By the end of this module, your Contoso Pets application will ensure that every
element in the ourAnimals array is complete.
> Note
> This is a challenge project module where you’ll complete an end-to-end
project from a specification. This module is intended to be a test of your
skills; there’s little guidance and no step-by-step instructions.
### Learning Objectives
In this module, you'll demonstrate your ability to:
- Develop a C# console application that uses a combination of selection and
iteration statements to implement logical workflows.
- Evaluate the underlying conditions in your application and make an informed
decision between selection statement options.
- Scope variables at an appropriate level within an application.
---
## Prepare
In this challenge project, you'll develop portions of a C# console application.
You'll use boolean expressions, selection statements, and iteration statements
to implement the features of a design specification. As you develop the
application, you'll need to scope variables at the appropriate level.
### Project specification
The Starter code project for this module includes a Program.cs file with the
following code features:
- The code declares variables used to collect and process pet data and menu item
selections
- The code declares the ourAnimals array that includes the following information
for each animal in the array:
- Pet ID #.
- Pet species (cat or dog).
- Pet age (years).
- A description of the pet's physical appearance.
- A description of the pet's personality.
- The pet's nickname.
- The code uses a for loop around a `switch-case` construct to populate elements
of the `ourAnimals` array.
- The code includes a loop around a main menu that terminates when the user
enters "exit". The main menu includes:
```txt
1. List all of our current pet information.
2. Assign values to the ourAnimals array fields.
3. Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete.
4. Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete.
5. Edit an animal’s age.
6. Edit an animal’s personality description.
7. Display all cats with a specified characteristic.
8. Display all dogs with a specified characteristic.
Enter menu item selection or type "Exit" to exit the program
```
- The code reads the user's menu item selection and uses a switch statement to
branch the code for each menu item number.
- The code includes implementation for menu options 1 and 2.
- The code displays an "under construction" message for menu options 3-8.
Your goal in this challenge is to create the app features aligned with menu
options 3 and 4.
> Note
> New animals must be added to the ourAnimals array when they arrive. However,
an animal's age and some physical characteristics for a pet may be unknown
until after a veterinarian's examination. In addition, an animal's nickname and
personality may be unknown when a pet first arrives. The new features that
you're developing will ensure that a complete dataset exists for each animal in
the ourAnimals array.
To ensure that animal ages and physical descriptions are complete, your code
must:
- Assign a valid numeric value to petAge for any animal that has been assigned
data in the ourAnimals array but has not been assigned an age.
- Assign a valid string to petPhysicalDescription for any animal that has been
assigned data in the ourAnimals array but has not been assigned a physical
description.
- Verify that physical descriptions have an assigned value. Assigned values
cannot have zero characters. Any further requirement is up to you.
- To ensure that animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete,
your code must:
- Assign a valid string to petNickname for any animal that has been assigned
data in the ourAnimals array but has not been assigned a nickname.
- Assign a valid string to petPersonalityDescription for any animal that has
been assigned data in the ourAnimals array but has not been assigned a
personality description.
- Verify that nicknames and personality descriptions have an assigned value.
Assigned values cannot have zero characters. Any further requirement is up to
you.
### Setup
Use the following steps to prepare for the Challenge project exercises:
To download a zip file containing the Starter project code, select the
following link:
[Lab Files](https://github.com/MicrosoftLearning/Challenge-project-branching-looping-CSharp/archive/refs/heads/main.zip).
Unzip the files in your development environment. Consider using your PC as your
development environment so that you have access to your code after completing
this module. If you aren't using your PC as your development environment, you
can unzip the files in a sandbox or hosted environment.
You're now ready to begin the Challenge project exercises. Good luck!
---
## Exercise
### Ensure that petAge and petPhysicalDescription contain valid information
The Contoso Pets application is used to help find new homes for abandoned pets.
Your goal in this challenge is to develop the application features used to
ensure that you have a completed dataset for each animal in the ourAnimals array.
### Specification
In this challenge exercise, you need to develop a feature that ensures animal
ages and physical descriptions are complete.
This feature must:
- Be enabled inside the appropriate application branch (must not overwrite the
code in the code branch for menu option 2).
- Skip over any animal in the ourAnimals array when the value of pet ID is set
to the default value.
- Display the pet ID value and prompt the user for an updated data value if
ourAnimals array data is missing or incomplete.
- Ensure that a valid numeric value is assigned to animalAge for all animals in
the ourAnimals array that have assigned data.
- Ensure that a valid string is assigned to animalPhysicalDescription for all
animals in the ourAnimals array that have assigned data.
- Enforce the following validation rules for animalAge.
- It must be possible to convert the value entered to numeric data type.
- Enforce the following validation rules for animalPhysicalDescription:
- Values cannot be null.
- Values cannot have zero characters.
- Any further restriction is up to the developer.
- Inform the application user when all data requirements are met, pausing the
application to ensure the message can be seen and responded to.
### Check your work
To validate that your code satisfies the specified requirements
> Note
> You can exit the verification test before completing all of the verification
steps if see a result that does not satisfy the specification requirements. To
force an exit from the running program, in the Terminal panel, press Ctrl-C.
After exiting the running app, complete the edits that you believe will address
the issue you are working on, save your updates to the Program.cs file, and
then re-build and run your code.
At the Terminal command prompt, enter 3
Verify that the Terminal panel updates with a message similar to the following:
```txt
Enter an age for ID #: c4
```
At the Terminal command prompt, enter one
Verify that your code repeats the prompt requesting a value for the age of the
pet.
The Terminal panel should update to show the repeated prompt. The display
should be similar to the following:
```txt
Enter an age for ID #: c4
one
Enter an age for ID #: c4
```
At the Terminal command prompt, enter 1
Verify that your code accepts 1 as a valid numeric entry and that the Terminal
panel displays a message similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a physical description for ID #: c4 (size, color, breed, gender, weight, housebroken)
```
At the Terminal command prompt, press the Enter key (without typing any characters).
Verify that your code repeats the prompt requesting a value for the physical
description of the pet.
The Terminal panel should update to show the repeated prompt. The display
should be similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a physical description for ID #: c4 (size, color, gender, weight, housebroken)
Enter a physical description for ID #: c4 (size, color, gender, weight, housebroken)
```
At the Terminal command prompt, enter small white Siamese cat weighing about 8
pounds. litter box trained.
Verify that your code accepts small white Siamese cat weighing about 8 pounds.
litter box trained. as a valid entry and that the Terminal panel displays a
message similar to the following:
```txt
Age and physical description fields are complete for all of our friends.
Press the Enter key to continue
```
If you specified further restrictions for valid entries, run the appropriate
test cases to verify your work.
> Note
> If your code meets the requirements you should be able to complete each step
in order and see the expected results in a single test pass. If you added
additional restrictions, you may need to exit the application and then run a
separate test pass to complete your verification.
Once you've validated the results for this exercise, proceed to the next
exercise in this challenge.
## Exercise
### Ensure that pet nicknames and personality descriptions are complete
The Contoso Pets app is used to help find new homes for abandoned pets. Your
goal in this challenge is to develop the app features used to ensure that we
have a completed dataset for each animal in the ourAnimals array.
### Specification
You need to develop a feature that ensures animal nicknames and personality
descriptions are complete.
This feature must:
- Be enabled inside the appropriate application branch (must not overwrite the
code in the code branch for menu option 2).
- Skip over any animal in the ourAnimals array when the value of pet ID is set
to the value default value.
- Display the pet ID value and prompt the user for an updated data value if
ourAnimals array data is missing or incomplete.
- Ensure that a valid string is assigned to animalNickname for all animals in
the ourAnimals array that have assigned data.
- Ensure that a valid string is assigned to animalPersonalityDescription for
all animals in the ourAnimals array that have assigned data.
- Enforce the following validation rules for petNickname and
petPersonalityDescription:
- Values cannot be null.
- Values cannot have zero characters.
- Any further restriction is up to the developer.
Inform the application user when all data requirements are met, pausing the
application to ensure the message can be seen and responded to.
### Check your work
To validate that your code satisfies the specified requirements, complete the
following steps:
Build and run your app.
At the Terminal command prompt, enter 4
Verify that the Terminal panel updates with a message similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a nickname for ID #: c4
```
At the Terminal command prompt, press the Enter key (without typing any
characters).
Verify that your code repeats the prompt requesting a value for the nickname of
the pet.
The Terminal panel should update to display something similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a nickname for ID #: c4
Enter a nickname for ID #: c4
```
At the Terminal command prompt, enter snowflake
Verify that your code accepts snowflake as a valid entry and that the Terminal
panel displays a message similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a personality description for ID #: c4 (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)
```
At the Terminal command prompt, press the Enter key (without typing any
characters).
Verify that your code repeats the prompt requesting a value for the personality
description of the pet.
The Terminal panel should update to display something similar to the following:
```txt
Enter a personality description for ID #: c4 (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)
Enter a personality description for ID #: c4 (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)
```
At the Terminal command prompt, enter loves to curl up in a warm spot
Verify that your code accepts loves to curl up in a warm spot as a valid entry
and that the Terminal panel displays a message similar to the following:
```txt
Nickname and personality description fields are complete for all of our friends.
Press the Enter key to continue
```
If you specified further restrictions for valid entries, run the appropriate
test cases to verify your work.
Congratulations if you succeeded in this challenge!
---
## Summary
Your goal was to demonstrate the ability to develop features of an application
that achieve a design specification. You needed to choose and implement the
appropriate iteration and selection statement types to meet the stated
requirements.
By creating nested combinations of iteration and selection statements, you
built a user interface that enables the application user to enter valid pet
data that filled gaps in the ourAnimals array.
Your ability to implement features of the Contoso Pets application based on a
design specification demonstrates your understanding of the iteration and
selection statements.

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019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/Final/Final.csproj Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>

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019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/Final/Program.cs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
using System;
using System.IO;
// the ourAnimals array will store the following:
string animalSpecies = "";
string animalID = "";
string animalAge = "";
string animalPhysicalDescription = "";
string animalPersonalityDescription = "";
string animalNickname = "";
// variables that support data entry
int maxPets = 8;
string? readResult;
string menuSelection = "";
int petCount = 0;
string anotherPet = "y";
bool validEntry = false;
int petAge = 0;
// array used to store runtime data, there is no persisted data
string[,] ourAnimals = new string[maxPets, 6];
// create some initial ourAnimals array entries
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
switch (i)
{
case 0:
animalSpecies = "dog";
animalID = "d1";
animalAge = "2";
animalPhysicalDescription = "medium sized cream colored female golden retriever weighing about 65 pounds. housebroken.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "loves to have her belly rubbed and likes to chase her tail. gives lots of kisses.";
animalNickname = "lola";
break;
case 1:
animalSpecies = "dog";
animalID = "d2";
animalAge = "9";
animalPhysicalDescription = "large reddish-brown male golden retriever weighing about 85 pounds. housebroken.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "loves to have his ears rubbed when he greets you at the door, or at any time! loves to lean-in and give doggy hugs.";
animalNickname = "loki";
break;
case 2:
animalSpecies = "cat";
animalID = "c3";
animalAge = "1";
animalPhysicalDescription = "small white female weighing about 8 pounds. litter box trained.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "friendly";
animalNickname = "Puss";
break;
case 3:
animalSpecies = "cat";
animalID = "c4";
animalAge = "?";
animalPhysicalDescription = "";
animalPersonalityDescription = "";
animalNickname = "";
break;
default:
animalSpecies = "";
animalID = "";
animalAge = "";
animalPhysicalDescription = "";
animalPersonalityDescription = "";
animalNickname = "";
break;
}
ourAnimals[i, 0] = "ID #: " + animalID;
ourAnimals[i, 1] = "Species: " + animalSpecies;
ourAnimals[i, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge;
ourAnimals[i, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
ourAnimals[i, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
ourAnimals[i, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
}
// display the top-level menu options
do
{
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the Contoso PetFriends app. Your main menu options are:");
Console.WriteLine(" 1. List all of our current pet information");
Console.WriteLine(" 2. Add a new animal friend to the ourAnimals array");
Console.WriteLine(" 3. Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete");
Console.WriteLine(" 4. Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete");
Console.WriteLine(" 5. Edit an animal’s age");
Console.WriteLine(" 6. Edit an animal’s personality description");
Console.WriteLine(" 7. Display all cats with a specified characteristic");
Console.WriteLine(" 8. Display all dogs with a specified characteristic");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter your selection number (or type Exit to exit the program)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
menuSelection = readResult.ToLower();
// NOTE: We could put a do statement around the menuSelection entry to ensure a valid entry, but we
// use a conditional statement below that only processes the valid entry values, so the do statement
// is not required here.
}
// use switch-case to process the selected menu option
switch (menuSelection)
{
case "1":
// List all of our current pet information
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
Console.WriteLine();
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
{
Console.WriteLine(ourAnimals[i, j].ToString());
}
}
}
Console.WriteLine("\n\rPress the Enter key to continue");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "2":
// Add a new animal friend to the ourAnimals array
//
// The ourAnimals array contains
// 1. the species (cat or dog). a required field
// 2. the ID number - for example C17
// 3. the pet's age. can be blank at initial entry.
// 4. the pet's nickname. can be blank.
// 5. a description of the pet's physical appearance. can be blank.
// 6. a description of the pet's personality. can be blank.
anotherPet = "y";
petCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
petCount += 1;
}
}
if (petCount < maxPets)
{
Console.WriteLine($"We currently have {petCount} pets that need homes. We can manage {(maxPets - petCount)} more.");
}
while (anotherPet == "y" && petCount < maxPets)
{
// get species (cat or dog) - string animalSpecies is a required field
do
{
Console.WriteLine("\n\rEnter 'dog' or 'cat' to begin a new entry");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalSpecies = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalSpecies != "dog" && animalSpecies != "cat")
{
//Console.WriteLine($"You entered: {animalSpecies}.");
validEntry = false;
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// build the animal the ID number - for example C1, C2, D3 (for Cat 1, Cat 2, Dog 3)
animalID = animalSpecies.Substring(0, 1) + (petCount + 1).ToString();
// get the pet's age. can be ? at initial entry.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter the pet's age or enter ? if unknown");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalAge = readResult;
if (animalAge != "?")
{
validEntry = int.TryParse(animalAge, out petAge);
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get a description of the pet's physical appearance - animalPhysicalDescription can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a physical description of the pet (size, color, gender, weight, housebroken)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPhysicalDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPhysicalDescription == "")
{
animalPhysicalDescription = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get a description of the pet's personality - animalPersonalityDescription can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a description of the pet's personality (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPersonalityDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPersonalityDescription == "")
{
animalPersonalityDescription = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get the pet's nickname. animalNickname can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a nickname for the pet");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalNickname = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalNickname == "")
{
animalNickname = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// store the pet information in the ourAnimals array (zero based)
ourAnimals[petCount, 0] = "ID #: " + animalID;
ourAnimals[petCount, 1] = "Species: " + animalSpecies;
ourAnimals[petCount, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge;
ourAnimals[petCount, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
ourAnimals[petCount, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
ourAnimals[petCount, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
// increment petCount (the array is zero-based, so we increment the counter after adding to the array)
petCount = petCount + 1;
// check maxPet limit
if (petCount < maxPets)
{
// another pet?
Console.WriteLine("Do you want to enter info for another pet (y/n)");
do
{
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
anotherPet = readResult.ToLower();
}
} while (anotherPet != "y" && anotherPet != "n");
}
//NOTE: The value of anotherPet (either "y" or "n") is evaluated in the while statement expression - at the top of the while loop
}
if (petCount >= maxPets)
{
Console.WriteLine("We have reached our limit on the number of pets that we can manage.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
}
break;
case "3":
// Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete
//
// ourAnimals[i, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge;
// ourAnimals[i, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 2] == "Age: ?" && ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
do
{
Console.WriteLine($"Enter an age for {ourAnimals[i, 0]}");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalAge = readResult;
validEntry = int.TryParse(animalAge, out petAge);
}
} while (validEntry == false);
ourAnimals[i, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge.ToString();
}
if (ourAnimals[i, 4] == "Physical description: " && ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
do
{
Console.WriteLine($"Enter a physical description for {ourAnimals[i, 0]} (size, color, gender, weight, housebroken)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPhysicalDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPhysicalDescription == "")
{
validEntry = false;
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
ourAnimals[i, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("\n\rAge and physical description fields are complete for all of our friends. \n\rPress the Enter key to continue");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "4":
// Ensure animal nickname and personality descriptions are complete
//
// ourAnimals[i, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
// ourAnimals[i, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 3] == "Nickname: " && ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
do
{
Console.WriteLine($"Enter a nickname for {ourAnimals[i, 0]}");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalNickname = readResult;
if (animalNickname == "")
{
validEntry = false;
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
ourAnimals[i, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
}
if (ourAnimals[i, 5] == "Personality: " && ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
do
{
//"Enter a description of the pet's personality (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level"
Console.WriteLine($"Enter a personality description for {ourAnimals[i, 0]} (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPersonalityDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPersonalityDescription == "")
{
validEntry = false;
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
ourAnimals[i, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("\n\rAge and physical description fields are complete for all of our friends. \n\rPress the Enter key to continue");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "5":
// Edit an animal’s age");
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "6":
// Edit an animal’s personality description");
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "7":
// Display all cats with a specified characteristic
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "8":
// Display all dogs with a specified characteristic
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
default:
break;
}
} while (menuSelection != "exit");

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019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/LICENSE Normal file
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MIT License
Copyright (c) 2023 Microsoft Learning
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/Own/Own.csproj Normal file
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>

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int max_pets = 8;
bool exit = false;
string? selection;
string separator = "+-------------------------------------" +
"--------------------------------------+";
string main_menu = @"
1. List all of our current pet information.
2. Assign values to the ourAnimals array fields.
3. Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete.
4. Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete.
5. Edit an animal's age.
6. Edit an animal's personality description.
7. Display all cats with a specified characteristic.
8. Display all dogs with a specified characteristic.
Enter menu item selection or type 'Exit' to exit the program
";
string[] description = {
"big sized female golden colored weighing about 20 pounds. housebroken.",
"large dark-brown male siver back weighing about 15 pounds. housebroken.",
"small white female weighing about 8 pounds. translucid at sun.",
"medium size male. fluorescent at night.",
};
string[] personality = {
"friendly",
"loves to have his ears rubbed at any time! loves to lean-in.",
"loves to have her belly rubbed. gives lots of kisses.",
"sauvage and lovelly.",
};
string[] options = { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "exit" };
string[] nickname = { "lola", "loki", "fuzz", "boby", "gogo", "besti" };
string[] species = { "cat", "dog", "bee", "pig" };
string[] abcd = { "a", "b", "c", "d" };
int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
string[,] our_animals = new string[max_pets, 6];
Random rand = new Random();
var clear = Console.Clear;
void print(string text, bool new_line = true) {
if (new_line) {
Console.WriteLine(text);
} else {
Console.Write(text);
}
}
string rand_str(string[] choices) {
int indx = rand.Next(choices.Length);
return choices[indx];
}
int rand_int(int[] choices) {
int indx = rand.Next(choices.Length);
return choices[indx];
}
void populate_animals_array() {
for (int i = 0; i < max_pets - 4; i++) {
bool uniq_id = false;
our_animals[i, 0] = rand_str(species);
while (!uniq_id) {
bool check = true;
string id = $"{rand_str(abcd)}{rand_int(nums)}";
for (int j = 0; j < max_pets - 4; j++) {
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(our_animals[j, 1]) && our_animals[j, 1] == id) {
uniq_id = false;
check = false;
break;
}
}
if (check) {
our_animals[i, 1] = id;
uniq_id = true;
}
}
our_animals[i, 2] = rand_str(description);
our_animals[i, 3] = $"{rand_int(nums)}";
our_animals[i, 4] = rand_str(personality);
our_animals[i, 5] = rand_str(nickname);
}
}
void press_enter() {
print("\n\tPress 'Enter' to continue", false);
Console.ReadLine();
}
void print_pets(string[,] animals) {
clear();
print(separator);
for (int j = 0; j < animals.GetLength(0); j++) {
string[] animal = new string[6];
for (int k = 0; k < animals.GetLength(1); k++) {
animal[k] = animals[j, k];
}
print_pet(animal);
}
}
void print_pet(string[] pet) {
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(pet[1])) {
string id = pet[1];
string name = pet[5];
string specie = pet[0];
int age = Int32.Parse(pet[3].ToString());
string year_word = age > 1 ? "years" : "year";
string desc = pet[2];
string perso = pet[4];
print($@" ID: {id} SPECIE: {specie}
NAME: {name} AGE: {age} {year_word}
DESCRIPTION: {desc}
PERSONALITY: {perso}
{separator}");
}
}
int availability(string[,] animals) {
int pet_count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < animals.GetLength(0); j++) {
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(animals[j, 1])) {
pet_count++;
}
}
int slots = max_pets - pet_count;
return slots;
}
string get_input(string text = "Please enter your text: ", bool integer = false) {
bool invalid = true;
while (invalid) {
print(text, false);
string? usr_in = Console.ReadLine();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(usr_in) && usr_in.Trim() != "") {
if (integer) {
string resp = usr_in.Trim();
int temp_int;
if (int.TryParse(resp, out temp_int)) {
print($"Opción 1: {temp_int}");
return resp;
}
} else {
return usr_in.Trim();
}
}
}
return "";
}
void add_new_pet(string[,] animals, int slots) {
int at_indx = max_pets - slots;
string id = $"{rand_str(abcd)}{rand_int(nums)}";
string specie = get_input("Enter pet specie: ");
string name = get_input("Enter the pet name (? if unknown): ");
int age = Int32.Parse(get_input("Enter pet age (-1 if unknown): ", true));
string desc = get_input("Enter the physical description (? if unknown): ");
string perso = get_input("Enter pet personality (? if unknown): ");
//print($"Will be added at index: {at_indx}");
//print($"{id}\n{specie}\n{name}\n{age}\n{desc}\n{perso}");
animals[at_indx, 0] = specie;
animals[at_indx, 1] = id;
animals[at_indx, 2] = desc;
animals[at_indx, 3] = age.ToString();
animals[at_indx, 4] = perso;
animals[at_indx, 5] = name;
}
void ask_new_pet() {
clear();
print("Assign values to the ourAnimals array fields");
print(separator);
int slots = availability(our_animals);
print($"\nWe currently have {max_pets - slots} pets that need homes.");
print($"We can manage {slots} more.");
if (slots > 0) {
bool another = false;
do {
string resp = get_input("Do you want to enter info for another pet?: ");
bool invalid = true;
if (resp != "") {
while (invalid) {
switch (resp) {
case "y" or "yes":
add_new_pet(our_animals, slots);
resp = "";
invalid = false;
another = true;
break;
case "n" or "no":
invalid = false;
another = false;
break;
default:
resp = get_input("Please enter [Y]es or [N]o: ");
break;
}
}
}
slots = availability(our_animals);
} while (another && slots > 0);
if (slots == 0) {
print("We have reached our limit on the number of pets that we can manage.");
press_enter();
}
press_enter();
} else {
press_enter();
}
}
void check_age_and_desc() {
int pet_count = max_pets - (availability(our_animals));
}
populate_animals_array();
while (!exit) {
clear();
print(main_menu);
selection = Console.ReadLine();
if (selection != null && options.Contains(selection.ToLower())) {
selection = selection.ToLower();
switch (selection) {
case "1":
print_pets(our_animals);
press_enter();
break;
case "2":
ask_new_pet();
break;
case "3":
clear();
print("Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete");
check_age_and_desc();
press_enter();
break;
case "4":
clear();
print("Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete");
press_enter();
break;
case "5":
clear();
print("Edit an animal's age");
press_enter();
break;
case "6":
clear();
print("Edit an animal's personality description");
press_enter();
break;
case "7":
clear();
print("Display all cats with a specified characteristic");
press_enter();
break;
case "8":
clear();
print("Display all dogs with a specified characteristic");
press_enter();
break;
case "exit":
print("\n\tTerminating application\n");
exit = !exit;
break;
default:
print("\n\tPlease read the instructions");
press_enter();
break;
}
} else {
print("\n\tPlease read the instructions");
press_enter();
}
}
Environment.Exit(0);

2
019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/README.md Normal file
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# Challenge-project-branching-looping-CSharp
Starter and Solution code for the Challenge project: "Develop conditional branching and looping structures in C#" from the Microsoft Learn collection "Getting started with C#"

334
019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/Starter/Program.cs Normal file
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using System;
using System.IO;
// the ourAnimals array will store the following:
string animalSpecies = "";
string animalID = "";
string animalAge = "";
string animalPhysicalDescription = "";
string animalPersonalityDescription = "";
string animalNickname = "";
// variables that support data entry
int maxPets = 8;
string? readResult;
string menuSelection = "";
int petCount = 0;
string anotherPet = "y";
bool validEntry = false;
int petAge = 0;
// array used to store runtime data, there is no persisted data
string[,] ourAnimals = new string[maxPets, 6];
// create some initial ourAnimals array entries
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
switch (i)
{
case 0:
animalSpecies = "dog";
animalID = "d1";
animalAge = "2";
animalPhysicalDescription = "medium sized cream colored female golden retriever weighing about 65 pounds. housebroken.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "loves to have her belly rubbed and likes to chase her tail. gives lots of kisses.";
animalNickname = "lola";
break;
case 1:
animalSpecies = "dog";
animalID = "d2";
animalAge = "9";
animalPhysicalDescription = "large reddish-brown male golden retriever weighing about 85 pounds. housebroken.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "loves to have his ears rubbed when he greets you at the door, or at any time! loves to lean-in and give doggy hugs.";
animalNickname = "loki";
break;
case 2:
animalSpecies = "cat";
animalID = "c3";
animalAge = "1";
animalPhysicalDescription = "small white female weighing about 8 pounds. litter box trained.";
animalPersonalityDescription = "friendly";
animalNickname = "Puss";
break;
case 3:
animalSpecies = "cat";
animalID = "c4";
animalAge = "?";
animalPhysicalDescription = "";
animalPersonalityDescription = "";
animalNickname = "";
break;
default:
animalSpecies = "";
animalID = "";
animalAge = "";
animalPhysicalDescription = "";
animalPersonalityDescription = "";
animalNickname = "";
break;
}
ourAnimals[i, 0] = "ID #: " + animalID;
ourAnimals[i, 1] = "Species: " + animalSpecies;
ourAnimals[i, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge;
ourAnimals[i, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
ourAnimals[i, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
ourAnimals[i, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
}
// display the top-level menu options
do
{
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the Contoso PetFriends app. Your main menu options are:");
Console.WriteLine(" 1. List all of our current pet information");
Console.WriteLine(" 2. Add a new animal friend to the ourAnimals array");
Console.WriteLine(" 3. Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete");
Console.WriteLine(" 4. Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete");
Console.WriteLine(" 5. Edit an animal’s age");
Console.WriteLine(" 6. Edit an animal’s personality description");
Console.WriteLine(" 7. Display all cats with a specified characteristic");
Console.WriteLine(" 8. Display all dogs with a specified characteristic");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter your selection number (or type Exit to exit the program)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
menuSelection = readResult.ToLower();
// NOTE: We could put a do statement around the menuSelection entry to ensure a valid entry, but we
// use a conditional statement below that only processes the valid entry values, so the do statement
// is not required here.
}
// use switch-case to process the selected menu option
switch (menuSelection)
{
case "1":
// List all of our current pet information
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
Console.WriteLine();
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
{
Console.WriteLine(ourAnimals[i, j].ToString());
}
}
}
Console.WriteLine("\n\rPress the Enter key to continue");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "2":
// Add a new animal friend to the ourAnimals array
//
// The ourAnimals array contains
// 1. the species (cat or dog). a required field
// 2. the ID number - for example C17
// 3. the pet's age. can be blank at initial entry.
// 4. the pet's nickname. can be blank.
// 5. a description of the pet's physical appearance. can be blank.
// 6. a description of the pet's personality. can be blank.
anotherPet = "y";
petCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < maxPets; i++)
{
if (ourAnimals[i, 0] != "ID #: ")
{
petCount += 1;
}
}
if (petCount < maxPets)
{
Console.WriteLine($"We currently have {petCount} pets that need homes. We can manage {(maxPets - petCount)} more.");
}
while (anotherPet == "y" && petCount < maxPets)
{
// get species (cat or dog) - string animalSpecies is a required field
do
{
Console.WriteLine("\n\rEnter 'dog' or 'cat' to begin a new entry");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalSpecies = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalSpecies != "dog" && animalSpecies != "cat")
{
//Console.WriteLine($"You entered: {animalSpecies}.");
validEntry = false;
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// build the animal the ID number - for example C1, C2, D3 (for Cat 1, Cat 2, Dog 3)
animalID = animalSpecies.Substring(0, 1) + (petCount + 1).ToString();
// get the pet's age. can be ? at initial entry.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter the pet's age or enter ? if unknown");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalAge = readResult;
if (animalAge != "?")
{
validEntry = int.TryParse(animalAge, out petAge);
}
else
{
validEntry = true;
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get a description of the pet's physical appearance - animalPhysicalDescription can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a physical description of the pet (size, color, gender, weight, housebroken)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPhysicalDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPhysicalDescription == "")
{
animalPhysicalDescription = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get a description of the pet's personality - animalPersonalityDescription can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a description of the pet's personality (likes or dislikes, tricks, energy level)");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalPersonalityDescription = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalPersonalityDescription == "")
{
animalPersonalityDescription = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// get the pet's nickname. animalNickname can be blank.
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a nickname for the pet");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
animalNickname = readResult.ToLower();
if (animalNickname == "")
{
animalNickname = "tbd";
}
}
} while (validEntry == false);
// store the pet information in the ourAnimals array (zero based)
ourAnimals[petCount, 0] = "ID #: " + animalID;
ourAnimals[petCount, 1] = "Species: " + animalSpecies;
ourAnimals[petCount, 2] = "Age: " + animalAge;
ourAnimals[petCount, 3] = "Nickname: " + animalNickname;
ourAnimals[petCount, 4] = "Physical description: " + animalPhysicalDescription;
ourAnimals[petCount, 5] = "Personality: " + animalPersonalityDescription;
// increment petCount (the array is zero-based, so we increment the counter after adding to the array)
petCount = petCount + 1;
// check maxPet limit
if (petCount < maxPets)
{
// another pet?
Console.WriteLine("Do you want to enter info for another pet (y/n)");
do
{
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
if (readResult != null)
{
anotherPet = readResult.ToLower();
}
} while (anotherPet != "y" && anotherPet != "n");
}
//NOTE: The value of anotherPet (either "y" or "n") is evaluated in the while statement expression - at the top of the while loop
}
if (petCount >= maxPets)
{
Console.WriteLine("We have reached our limit on the number of pets that we can manage.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
}
break;
case "3":
// Ensure animal ages and physical descriptions are complete
Console.WriteLine("Challenge Project - please check back soon to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "4":
// Ensure animal nicknames and personality descriptions are complete
Console.WriteLine("Challenge Project - please check back soon to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "5":
// Edit an animal’s age");
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "6":
// Edit an animal’s personality description");
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "7":
// Display all cats with a specified characteristic
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
case "8":
// Display all dogs with a specified characteristic
Console.WriteLine("UNDER CONSTRUCTION - please check back next month to see progress.");
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to continue.");
readResult = Console.ReadLine();
break;
default:
break;
}
} while (menuSelection != "exit");

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019_branching_and_looping_structures/ChallengeProject/Starter/Starter.csproj Normal file
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>