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012_foreach_array_2/012_csharp.md
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the code branches and calculations required to satisfy an updated feature
specification.
##
## Introduction
End users often ask developers to add new features to an application. User
requests indicate that your application is being used, and more importantly,
that the customer plans to continue using your application. The customer just
wants some features updated. The ability to update an existing application
based on user requests is very important. A successful update will preserve
the integrity of the original application while providing the user with the
improved experience that they requested.
Suppose you're a teacher's assistant at a school and that you developed an
application to automate the grading process. The application uses arrays to
store student names and graded assignments. The application also implements a
combination of iteration and selection statements to calculate and report each
student's final grade. Your application even differentiates between exam
assignments and extra credit assignments when calculating student grades.
Although the application does everything that the teacher asked for, you've
received a request for new features. The teacher has asked you to update the
grading report to show exam and extra credit assignment scores separately from
the final numeric score and letter grade.
This module challenges you to add new capabilities to your Student Grading
application.
In short, you need to use the teacher's updated grading report specification
to:
- update the iteration and selection code to calculate separate final scores
for exams, extra credit assignments, and the overall grade.
- update the code that writes the grading report to the console.
By the end of this module, you'll have an updated version of the Student Grading application that's able to calculate and report student grades in accordance with the teacher's updated requirements.
> Note
> This is a challenge project module where you’ll complete an end-to-end
project from a specification. This module is intended to be a test of your
skills; there’s little guidance and no step-by-step instructions .
### Learning Objectives
- In this module, you'll demonstrate your ability to:
- Use Visual Studio Code to revise a C# console application based on an updated feature specification.
- Update the variables and if statements in a C# console application to create the code branches and calculations required to satisfy an updated feature specification.
#### Prerequisites
- Experience using Visual Studio Code to develop, build, and run C# console
applications that include console I/O and access the methods of .NET classes.
- Experience using `if` statements in C# application to evaluate expressions and
branch code accordingly.
- Experience using a `foreach` loop to access elements of array variables.
---
## Prepare
In this guided project, you'll use Visual Studio Code to develop portions of a
C# console application. You'll begin by writing the code that performs various
numeric calculations. All calculations must be completed within the existing
iteration and selection structures. This Prepare unit provides you with the
overall goals of the project and the requirements for your application. The
Setup section describes how to set up your development environment, including
a "Starter" code project.
### Project specification
The Starter code project for this module is a C# console application that
implements the following code features:
- Uses arrays to store student names and assignment scores.
- Uses a `foreach` statement to iterate through the student names as an outer
program loop.
- Uses an `if` statement within the outer loop to identify the current student
's name and access that student's assignment scores.
- Uses a `foreach` statement within the outer loop to iterate through the
assignment scores array and sum the values.
- Uses an algorithm within the outer loop to calculate the average exam score
for each student.
- Use an `if-elseif-else` construct within the outer loop to evaluate the
average exam score and assign a letter grade automatically.
- Integrates extra credit scores when calculating the student's final score and
letter grade as follows:
- Detects extra credit assignments based on the number of elements in the
student's scores array.
- Applies a 10% weighting factor to extra credit assignments before adding
extra credit scores to the sum of exam scores.
Your goal in this challenge is to implement the coding updates required to
produce the teacher's requested score report.
The current score report lists the student's name followed by the calculated
overall grade and letter grade. Here is the existing report format:
```txt
Student Grade Letter Grade
Sophia 95.6 A
Andrew 91.6 A-
Emma 89.2 B+
Logan 93 A
```
In addition to the student's final numeric score and letter grade, the teacher
wants the updated report to include the exam score and the impact that extra
credit work has on the student's final grade. The format of the updated score
report should appear as follows:
```txt
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 92.2 95.88 A 92 (3.68 pts)
Andrew 89.6 91.38 A- 89 (1.78 pts)
Emma 85.6 90.94 A- 89 (5.34 pts)
Logan 91.2 93.12 A 96 (1.92 pts)
```
### Setup
Use the following steps to prepare for the Challenge project exercises:
To download a zip file containing the Starter project code, select the
following link:
[Lab Files](https://github.com/MicrosoftLearning/Challenge-project-foreach-if-array-CSharp/archive/refs/heads/main.zip).
#### Unzip the download files.
> Note
> If a folder named ChallengeProject already exists, you can select Replace
the files in the destination to complete the copy operation.
You're now ready to begin the Challenge project exercises. Good luck!
---
## Exercise
### Update your formatted output
The Student Grading application is used to calculate and report student grades
based on their graded exam and extra credit assignments. Your goal in this
challenge is to update the code that generates a score report in accordance
with the teacher's updated requirements.
### Specification
In this first challenge exercise, you need to instantiate the variables that
are required for the updated score report, and then update the
`Console.WriteLine()` statement that writes student grades to the console.
Your updated application must:
- use the existing arrays and array values for all student grade calculations.
- use the nested structure provided by the existing `foreach` and `if`
statements.
- declare and initialize any other integer variables that are required for
calculating sums.
- declare and initialize any other decimal variables that are required for
calculations and/or score report values.
The format of the update score report is:
```txt
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 0 95.8 A 0 (0 pts)
Andrew 0 91.2 A- 0 (0 pts)
Emma 0 90.4 A- 0 (0 pts)
Logan 0 93 A 0 (0 pts)
```
> Note
> Since this exercise does not include updating calculations, the score report
will show 0 for the new fields as shown above.
### Check your work
To validate that your code satisfies the specified requirements for this
exercise, complete the following steps:
- build and run your app.
- Verify that your application creates the following output:
```txt
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 0 95.8 A 0 (0 pts)
Andrew 0 91.2 A- 0 (0 pts)
Emma 0 90.4 A- 0 (0 pts)
Logan 0 93 A 0 (0 pts)
```
---
## Exercise
### Update your calculated values
The Student Grading application is used to calculate and report student grades
based on their graded exam and extra credit assignments. Your goal in this challenge is to update the code that calculates student grades in accordance with the teacher's updated requirements.
### Specification
In this second challenge exercise, you need to instantiate the variables that
are required for the updated score report, complete the required calculations,
and then update the `Console.WriteLine()` statement that writes student grades
to the console.
Your updated application must:
- use the existing arrays and array values for all student grade calculations.
- use the nested structure provided by the existing foreach and if statements.
- calculate the sum of exam and extra credit assignment scores using variables
from the first exercise or the original code.
- calculate the average for exam scores and extra credit scores using
variables from the first exercise or the original code.
- calculate the final numeric score as follows: add 10% of the extra credit
score sum to the exam score sum, and then divide that value by the number of
exams.
- calculate the extra credit points earned as follows: divide 10% of the extra
credit score sum by the number of exams.
> Tip
> You will need to use (decimal) casting in your equations to preserve the
fractional component during your calculations.
The required score report format is:
```txt
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 92.2 95.88 A 92 (3.68 pts)
Andrew 89.6 91.38 A- 89 (1.78 pts)
Emma 85.6 90.94 A- 89 (5.34 pts)
Logan 91.2 93.12 A 96 (1.92 pts)
```
### Check your work
To validate that your code satisfies the specified requirements, complete the
following steps:
- Build and run your app.
- Verify that your application creates the following output:
```txt
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 92.2 95.88 A 92 (3.68 pts)
Andrew 89.6 91.38 A- 89 (1.78 pts)
Emma 85.6 90.94 A- 89 (5.34 pts)
Logan 91.2 93.12 A 96 (1.92 pts)
```
Congratulations if you succeeded in this challenge!

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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>

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/*
This C# console application is designed to:
- Use arrays to store student names and assignment scores.
- Use a `foreach` statement to iterate through the student names as an outer program loop.
- Use an `if` statement within the outer loop to identify the current student name and access that student's assignment scores.
- Use a `foreach` statement within the outer loop to iterate though the assignment scores array and sum the values.
- Use an algorithm within the outer loop to calculate the average exam score for each student.
- Use an `if-elseif-else` construct within the outer loop to evaluate the average exam score and assign a letter grade automatically.
- Integrate extra credit scores when calculating the student's final score and letter grade as follows:
- detects extra credit assignments based on the number of elements in the student's scores array.
- divides the values of extra credit assignments by 10 before adding extra credit scores to the sum of exam scores.
- use the following report format to report student grades:
Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
Sophia 92.2 95.88 A 92 (3.68 pts)
*/
int examAssignments = 5;
string[] studentNames = new string[] { "Sophia", "Andrew", "Emma", "Logan" };
int[] sophiaScores = new int[] { 90, 86, 87, 98, 100, 94, 90 };
int[] andrewScores = new int[] { 92, 89, 81, 96, 90, 89 };
int[] emmaScores = new int[] { 90, 85, 87, 98, 68, 89, 89, 89 };
int[] loganScores = new int[] { 90, 95, 87, 88, 96, 96 };
int[] studentScores = new int[10];
string currentStudentLetterGrade = "";
// display the header row for scores/grades
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine("Student\t\tExam Score\tOverall Grade\tExtra Credit\n");
/*
The outer foreach loop is used to:
- iterate through student names
- assign a student's grades to the studentScores array
- calculate exam and extra credit sums (inner foreach loop)
- calculate numeric and letter grade
- write the score report information
*/
foreach (string name in studentNames)
{
string currentStudent = name;
if (currentStudent == "Sophia")
studentScores = sophiaScores;
else if (currentStudent == "Andrew")
studentScores = andrewScores;
else if (currentStudent == "Emma")
studentScores = emmaScores;
else if (currentStudent == "Logan")
studentScores = loganScores;
int gradedAssignments = 0;
int gradedExtraCreditAssignments = 0;
int sumExamScores = 0;
int sumExtraCreditScores = 0;
decimal currentStudentGrade = 0;
decimal currentStudentExamScore = 0;
decimal currentStudentExtraCreditScore = 0;
/*
the inner foreach loop:
- sums the exam and extra credit scores
- counts the extra credit assignments
*/
foreach (int score in studentScores)
{
gradedAssignments += 1;
if (gradedAssignments <= examAssignments)
{
sumExamScores = sumExamScores + score;
}
else
{
gradedExtraCreditAssignments += 1;
sumExtraCreditScores += score;
}
}
currentStudentExamScore = (decimal)(sumExamScores) / examAssignments;
currentStudentExtraCreditScore = (decimal)(sumExtraCreditScores) / gradedExtraCreditAssignments;
currentStudentGrade = (decimal)((decimal)sumExamScores + ((decimal)sumExtraCreditScores / 10)) / examAssignments;
if (currentStudentGrade >= 97)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "A+";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 93)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "A";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 90)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "A-";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 87)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "B+";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 83)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "B";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 80)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "B-";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 77)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "C+";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 73)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "C";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 70)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "C-";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 67)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "D+";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 63)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "D";
else if (currentStudentGrade >= 60)
currentStudentLetterGrade = "D-";
else
currentStudentLetterGrade = "F";
// Student Exam Score Overall Grade Extra Credit
// Sophia 92.2 95.88 A 92 (3.68 pts)
Console.WriteLine($"{currentStudent}\t\t{currentStudentExamScore}\t\t{currentStudentGrade}\t{currentStudentLetterGrade}\t{currentStudentExtraCreditScore} ({(((decimal)sumExtraCreditScores / 10) / examAssignments)} pts)");
}
// required for running in VS Code (keeps the Output windows open to view results)
Console.WriteLine("\n\rPress the Enter key to continue");
Console.ReadLine();

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012_foreach_array_2/ChallengeProject/LICENSE Normal file
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MIT License
Copyright (c) 2023 Microsoft Learning
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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# Challenge-project-foreach-if-array-CSharp
Starter and Solution code for the Challenge project: "Develop foreach and if-elseif-else structures to process array data in C#" from the Microsoft Learn collection "Getting started with C#"

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012_foreach_array_2/ChallengeProject/Starter/Program.cs Normal file
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/*
This C# console application is designed to:
- Use arrays to store student names and assignment scores.
- Use a `foreach` statement to iterate through the student names as an outer
program loop.
- Use an `if` statement within the outer loop to identify the current student
name and access that student's assignment scores.
- Use a `foreach` statement within the outer loop to iterate though the
assignment scores array and sum the values.
- Use an algorithm within the outer loop to calculate the average exam score
for each student.
- Use an `if-elseif-else` construct within the outer loop to evaluate the
average exam score and assign a letter grade automatically.
- Integrate extra credit scores when calculating the student's final score and
letter grade as follows:
- detects extra credit assignments based on the number of elements in the
student's scores array.
- divides the values of extra credit assignments by 10 before adding extra
credit scores to the sum of exam scores.
- use the following report format to report student grades:
Student Grade
Sophia: 92.2 A-
Andrew: 89.6 B+
Emma: 85.6 B
Logan: 91.2 A-
*/
int examAssignments = 5;
string[] studentNames = new string[] { "Sophia", "Andrew", "Emma", "Logan" };
int[] sophiaScores = new int[] { 90, 86, 87, 98, 100, 94, 90 };
int[] andrewScores = new int[] { 92, 89, 81, 96, 90, 89 };
int[] emmaScores = new int[] { 90, 85, 87, 98, 68, 89, 89, 89 };
int[] loganScores = new int[] { 90, 95, 87, 88, 96, 96 };
int[] studentScores = new int[10];
string currentStudentLetterGrade = "";
Console.Clear();
Console.WriteLine("Student\t\tExam Score\tOverall\tGrade\tExtra Credit\n");
/*
The outer foreach loop is used to:
- iterate through student names
- assign a student's grades to the studentScores array
- sum assignment scores (inner foreach loop)
- calculate numeric and letter grade
- write the score report information
*/
foreach (string name in studentNames){
string currentStudent = name;
if (currentStudent == "Sophia"){
studentScores = sophiaScores;
} else if (currentStudent == "Andrew"){
studentScores = andrewScores;
} else if (currentStudent == "Emma"){
studentScores = emmaScores;
} else if (currentStudent == "Logan"){
studentScores = loganScores;
}
int sumAssignmentScores = 0;
decimal currentStudentGrade = 0;
int gradedAssignments = 0;
int sumExamScore = 0;
int extraCredit = 0;
// the inner foreach loop sums assignment scores
// extra credit assignments are worth 10% of an exam score
foreach (int score in studentScores){
gradedAssignments += 1;
if (gradedAssignments <= examAssignments){
sumAssignmentScores += score;
sumExamScore = sumAssignmentScores;
} else {
sumAssignmentScores += score / 10;
extraCredit += score / 10;
}
}
decimal examScore = (decimal)(sumExamScore)/examAssignments;
currentStudentGrade = (decimal)sumAssignmentScores / examAssignments;
decimal extraCreditPts = (decimal)(extraCredit) / examAssignments;
currentStudentLetterGrade = getLetterGrade(currentStudentGrade);
Console.Write($"{currentStudent}\t\t");
Console.Write($"{examScore}\t\t");
Console.Write($"{currentStudentGrade}\t");
Console.Write($"{currentStudentLetterGrade}\t");
Console.WriteLine($"{extraCredit} ({extraCreditPts} pts)");
}
string getLetterGrade(decimal score){
string grade;
if (score < 60){
grade = "F";
} else if (score < 63){
grade = "D-";
} else if (score < 67){
grade = "D";
} else if (score < 70){
grade = "D+";
} else if (score < 73){
grade = "C-";
} else if (score < 77){
grade = "C";
} else if (score < 80){
grade = "C+";
} else if (score < 83){
grade = "B-";
} else if (score < 87){
grade = "B";
} else if (score < 90){
grade = "B+";
} else if (score < 93){
grade = "A-";
} else if (score < 97){
grade = "A";
} else {
grade = "A+";
}
return grade;
}

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012_foreach_array_2/ChallengeProject/Starter/Starter.csproj Normal file
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
<Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>