From b1f1525f816222ff594c818131664c1cc4ff6655 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ipvg Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2024 22:51:46 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] end 023 --- 023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md | 832 ++++++++++++++++++ .../alpha_num_format/Program.cs | 58 ++ .../alpha_num_format/alpha_num_format.csproj | 10 + .../form_letter/Program.cs | 32 + .../form_letter/form_letter.csproj | 10 + .../padding_alignment/Program.cs | 59 ++ .../padding_alignment.csproj | 10 + .../string_interpolation/Program.cs | 11 + .../string_interpolation.csproj | 10 + README.md | 1 + 10 files changed, 1033 insertions(+) create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/Program.cs create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/alpha_num_format.csproj create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/Program.cs create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/form_letter.csproj create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/Program.cs create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/padding_alignment.csproj create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/Program.cs create mode 100644 023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/string_interpolation.csproj diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..24d4f45 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md @@ -0,0 +1,832 @@ +# Format alphanumeric data for presentation in C# + +## Introduction + +Suppose you work for a sales and marketing department that sends thousands of +personalized letters to the company's existing clients who are institutional +investors. Your team's job is to promote new financial products to the customer. +Each letter you send merges personalized information about the customer. The +letter compares the returns of their current portfolios with projected returns +using the newest products. How do you merge and format the data correctly? + +From a high-level perspective, software developers are concerned with: + +- **data input**, including data typed in by a user from a keyboard, using +their mouse, a device, or by another software system via a network request. +- **data processing**, including decision logic, manipulating data, and +performing calculations. +- **data output**, including presentation to an end user via a command-line +message, a window, a web page, or saving the processed data into a file, and +sending it to a network service. + +To solve business problems in C#, you need to work with different types of data, +such as strings and numbers. You also need to perform various operations on the +data, such as calculations, comparisons, or conversions. In this module, you +output string and numeric data in C# using various formatting options. You also +create a receipt mockup and a personalized marketing message using data merging +techniques. + +### Learning objectives + +In this module, you will: + +- Merge string templates with variables using composite formatting. +- Use various format specifiers to properly display percentages, currency, and +numbers. +- Use padding methods to properly align string values. + +--- + +## Exercise - Investigate string formatting basics + +In this unit, you learn methods to format strings for efficient display, +especially for cases using multiple variables. + +### What is Composite Formatting? + +*Composite formatting* uses numbered placeholders within a string. At run time, +everything inside the braces is resolved to a value that is also passed in +based on their position. + +This example of composite formatting uses a built-in method `Format()` on the +`string` data type keyword. Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +string result = string.Format("{0} {1}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine(result); +``` + +If you run this code, you observe the following output. + +```txt +Hello World! +``` + +There are a few important things to notice about this code. + +- Data types and variables of a given data type have built-in "helper methods" +to make certain tasks easy. +- The literal string `"{0} {1}!"` forms a template, parts of which are replaced +at run time. +- The token `{0}` is replaced by the first argument after the string template, +in other words, the value of the variable `first`. +- The token `{1}` is replaced by the second argument after the string template, +in other words, the value of the variable `second`. + +> Note +> You may think it's odd to start with the number 0. Actually this is very +common in software development. Whenever there's a sequence of items that can +be identified using a number, the numbering will usually start at 0. + +Update your code as follows: + +```cs +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +Console.WriteLine("{1} {0}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine("{0} {0} {0}!", first, second); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output: + +```txt +World Hello! +Hello Hello Hello! +``` + +A few observations about these examples: + +- For the first `Console.WriteLine()` statement, observe that the tokens can be +arranged in any order. The sample code has `{1}` before `{0}`. +- For the second `Console.WriteLine()` statement, observe that the tokens can be +reused with three instances of `{0}`. Also, the second variable argument, +`second`, isn't used. Yet, the code still runs without error. + +#### What is string interpolation? + +*String interpolation* is a technique that simplifies composite formatting. + +Instead of using a numbered token and including the literal value or variable +name in a list of arguments to `String.Format()` or `Console.WriteLine()`, you +can just use the variable name inside of the curly braces. + +In order for a string to be interpolated, you must prefix it with the `$` +directive. Now, create the same examples from earlier using string interpolation +instead of composite formatting. Update your code as follows: + +```cs +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +Console.WriteLine($"{first} {second}!"); +Console.WriteLine($"{second} {first}!"); +Console.WriteLine($"{first} {first} {first}!"); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output: + +```txt +Hello World! +World Hello! +Hello Hello Hello! +``` + +> Note +> If you look at code examples in books and online, you're likely to see both +*composite formatting* and *string interpolation* used, but generally you should +choose *string interpolation*. + +#### Formatting currency + +Composite formatting and string interpolation can be used to format values for +display given a specific language and culture. In the following example, the +`:C` currency format specifier is used to present the `price` and `discount` +variables as currency. Update your code as follows: + +```cs +decimal price = 123.45m; +int discount = 50; +Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price:C} (Save {discount:C})"); +``` + +If you executed this code on a computer that has its Windows display language +set to "English (United States)", you observe the following output. + +```txt +Price: $123.45 (Save $50.00) +``` + +Notice how adding the `:C` to the tokens inside of the curly braces formats the +number as currency regardless of whether you use `int` or `decimal`. + +> Note +> What happens if your country/region and language isn't known? If you run the +previous code in the "in-browser" .NET Editor, such as at +[TrydotNet](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/platform/try-dotnet) you'll see +the following output: `Price: ¤123.45 (Save ¤50.00)`. The symbol `¤` is used +instead of the symbol for your country/region's money. This is a generic symbol +used to denote "currency" regardless of the *type* of currency. You see this +symbol in the .NET Editor because it ignores your current location. + +### How the user's country/region and language affect string formatting + +What if you execute the previous code on a computer in France that has its +Windows Display Language set to French? In that case you would see the +following output. + +```txt +Price: 123,45 € (Save 50,00 €) +``` + +The reason for the previous "€" output is that the string currency formatting +feature is dependent on the local computer setting for culture. In this context, +the term "culture" refers to the country/region and language of the end user. +The culture code is a five character string that computers use to identify the +location and language of the end user. The culture code ensures certain +information like dates and currency can be presented properly. + +For example: + +- the culture code of an English speaker in the USA is `en-US`. +- the culture code of a French speaker in France is `fr-FR`. +- the culture code of a French speaker in Canada is `fr-CA`. + +The culture affects the writing system, the calendar that's used, the sort +order of strings, and formatting for dates and numbers (like formatting +currency). + +Unfortunately, making sure your code works correctly on all computers +regardless of the country/region or the end user's language is challenging. +This process is known as *localization* (or *globalization*). Localization +depends on many factors not discussed in this module, but simply, the string +formatting syntax might use a different format depending on the user's culture. + +#### Formatting numbers + +When working with numeric data, you might want to format the number for +readability by including commas to delineate thousands, millions, billions, and +so on. + +The `N` numeric format specifier makes numbers more readable. Update your code +as follows: + +```txt +decimal measurement = 123456.78912m; +Console.WriteLine($"Measurement: {measurement:N} units"); +``` + +If you're viewing this from the `en-US` culture, you observe the following +output. + +```txt +Measurement: 123,456.79 units +``` + +By default, the `N` numeric format specifier displays only two digits after the +decimal point. + +If you want to display more precision, you can do that by adding a number after +the specifier. The following code will display four digits after the decimal +point using the `N4` specifier. Update your code as follows: + +```cs +decimal measurement = 123456.78912m; +Console.WriteLine($"Measurement: {measurement:N4} units"); +``` + +If you're viewing this from the `en-US` culture, you observe the following +output. + +```txt +Measurement: 123,456.7891 units +``` + +#### Formatting percentages + +Use the `P` format specifier to format percentages and rounds to 2 decimal +places. Add a number afterwards to control the number of values displayed after +the decimal point. Update your code as follows: + +```cs +decimal tax = .36785m; +Console.WriteLine($"Tax rate: {tax:P2}"); +``` + +If you're viewing this from the `en-US` culture, you observe the following +output. + +```txt +Tax rate: 36.79% +``` + +#### Combining formatting approaches + +String variables can store strings created using formatting techniques. In the +following example, decimals and decimal math results are formatted and stored +in the `yourDiscount` string using composite formatting. + +Update your code as follows. + +```cs +decimal price = 67.55m; +decimal salePrice = 59.99m; + +string yourDiscount = String.Format("You saved {0:C2} off the regular {1:C2} price. ", (price - salePrice), price); + +Console.WriteLine(yourDiscount); +``` + +If you're viewing this from the `en-US` culture, you observe the following +output. + +```txt +You saved $7.56 off the regular $67.55 price. +``` + +You can combine multiple formatted strings. Build on the previous code +concatenating the calculated percentage using the string interpolation instead +of string concatenation by inserting +`yourDiscount += $"A discount of {(price - salePrice)/price:P2}!";` into the +code on the line before `Console.WriteLine()`. + +> Note +> You don't need to use `String.Format()` with this string interpolation +approach. + +Update your code as follows. + +```cs +decimal price = 67.55m; +decimal salePrice = 59.99m; + +string yourDiscount = String.Format("You saved {0:C2} off the regular {1:C2} price. ", (price - salePrice), price); + +yourDiscount += $"A discount of {((price - salePrice)/price):P2}!"; //inserted +Console.WriteLine(yourDiscount); +``` + +If you're viewing this unit from the `en-US` culture, you observe the following +output. + +```txt +You saved $7.56 off the regular $67.55 price. A discount of 11.19%! +``` + +### Recap + +Here are most important takeaways from this unit about string formatting: + +- You can use composite formatting or string interpolation to format strings. +- With **composite formatting**, you use a string template containing one or +more replacement tokens in the form `{0}`. You also supply a list of arguments +that are matched with the replacement tokens based on their order. Composite +formatting works when using `string.Format()` or `Console.WriteLine()`. +- With **string interpolation**, you use a string template containing the +variable names you want replaced surrounded by curly braces. Use the `$` +directive before the string template to indicate you want the string to be +interpolated. +- Format currency using a `:C` specifier. +- Format numbers using a `:N` specifier. Control the precision (number of values +after the decimal point) using a number after the `:N` like `{myNumber:N3}`. +- Format percentages using the `:P` format specifier. +- Formatting currency and numbers depend on the end user's culture, a five +character code that includes the user's country/region and language (per the +settings on their computer). + +--- + +## Exercise + +### Explore string interpolation + +You need to create the code to print a receipt for the customer purchasing +shares of an investment product. The shares are purchased automatically at the +end of the year based on a series of payroll deductions, so the number of +shares purchased usually contains a decimal amount. To print the receipt, you +would likely need to combine data of different types, including fractional +values, currency, and percentages in precise ways. + +### Display the invoice number using string interpolation + +Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +int invoiceNumber = 1201; +decimal productShares = 25.4568m; +decimal subtotal = 2750.00m; +decimal taxPercentage = .15825m; +decimal total = 3185.19m; + +Console.WriteLine($"Invoice Number: {invoiceNumber}"); +``` + +The Program.cs file must be saved before building or running the code. + +At the Terminal command prompt, to run your code, type `dotnet run` and then +press Enter. + +You should see the following output: + +```txt +Invoice Number: 1201 +``` + +> Note +> You may see several warnings such as `warning CS0219: The variable +'productShares' is assigned but its value is never used` for all the variables +that were defined but not yet used in the code. + +### Display the product shares with one thousandth of a share (0.001) precision + +Since you bill the customers using fractions of shares even though the precision +is one ten thousandth (0.0001), you'll only display three digits after the +decimal point. + +Add the following code below the code you typed previously: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine($" Shares: {productShares:N3} Product"); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. + +When you run the code, you should see the following output: + +```txt +Invoice Number: 1201 + Shares: 25.457 Product +``` + +### Display the subtotal that you charge the customer formatted as currency + +Add the following code below the code you typed in steps 1 and 2: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine($" Sub Total: {subtotal:C}"); +``` + +When you run the code, you should see the following output: + +```txt +Invoice Number: 1201 + Shares: 25.457 Product + Sub Total: $2,750.00 +``` + +> Note +> The sample shows the "$" but you may see a different regional currency symbol. + +### Display the tax charged on the sale formatted as a percentage + +Add the following code below the code you typed in steps 1 through 3: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine($" Tax: {taxPercentage:P2}"); +``` + +When you run the code, you should see the following output: + +```txt +Invoice Number: 1201 + Shares: 25.457 Product + Sub Total: $2,750.00 + Tax: 15.83% +``` + +### Finalize the receipt with the total amount due formatted as currency + +Add the following code below the code you typed in steps 1 through 4: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine($" Total Billed: {total:C}"); +``` + +The entire code for the exercise should match as follows: + +```cs +int invoiceNumber = 1201; +decimal productShares = 25.4568m; +decimal subtotal = 2750.00m; +decimal taxPercentage = .15825m; +decimal total = 3185.19m; + +Console.WriteLine($"Invoice Number: {invoiceNumber}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Shares: {productShares:N3} Product"); +Console.WriteLine($" Sub Total: {subtotal:C}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Tax: {taxPercentage:P2}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Total Billed: {total:C}"); +``` + +When you run the code, you should see the following output: + +```txt +Invoice Number: 1201 + Shares: 25.457 Product + Sub Total: $2,750.00 + Tax: 15.83% + Total Billed: $3,185.19 +``` + +--- + +## Exercise + +### Discover padding and alignment + +The `string.Format()` method is used to perform composite formatting such as in +the example: + +```cs +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +string result = string.Format("{0} {1}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine(result); +``` + +It may have seemed a bit strange that a keyword that represents a data type has +methods you can call in the same way that you call methods on the `Console` +class. The fact is that there are many similar methods on the `string` data type +and any literal string or variable of type string. + +Here's a brief list of categories of these built-in methods so you can get an +idea of what's possible. + +- Methods that add blank spaces for formatting purposes (`PadLeft()`, +`PadRight()`) +- Methods that compare two strings or facilitate comparison (`Trim()`, +`TrimStart()`, `TrimEnd()`, `GetHashcode()`, the `Length` property) +- Methods that help you determine what's inside of a string, or even retrieve +just a part of the string (`Contains()`, `StartsWith()`, `EndsWith()`, +`Substring()`) +- Methods that change the content of the string by replacing, inserting, or +removing parts (`Replace()`, `Insert()`, `Remove()`) +- Methods that turn a string into an array of strings or characters (`Split()`, +`ToCharArray()`) + +### Formatting strings by adding whitespace before or after + +The `PadLeft()` method adds blank spaces to the left-hand side of the string so +that the total number of characters equals the argument you send it. In this +case, you want the total length of the string to be 12 characters. + +Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +string input = "Pad this"; +Console.WriteLine(input.PadLeft(12)); +``` + +At the Terminal command prompt, to run your code, type `dotnet run` and then +press Enter. + +When you run the code, you observe four characters prefixed to the left of the +string bring the length to 12 characters long. + +```txt + Pad this +``` + +To add space or characters to the right side of your string, use the +`PadRight()` method instead. 1. Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine(input.PadRight(12)); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You won't observe any characters +added to the end of the string, but they're there. + +#### What is an overloaded method? + +In C#, an overloaded method is another version of a method with different or +extra arguments that modify the functionality of the method slightly, as is the +case with the overloaded version of the `PadLeft()` method. + +You can also call a second overloaded version of the method and pass in +whatever character you want to use instead of a space. In this case, you fill +the extra space with the dash character. + +Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +Console.WriteLine(input.PadLeft(12, '-')); +Console.WriteLine(input.PadRight(12, '-')); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see four dashes +prefixing the left of the string that is 12 characters long. + +```txt + ----Pad this + Pad this---- +``` + +Now, apply this newfound knowledge to another real world scenario. + +### Working with padded strings + +Suppose you work for a payment processing company that still supports legacy +mainframe systems. Often, those systems require data to be input in specific +columns. For example, store the Payment ID in columns 1 through 6, the payee's +name in columns 7 through 30, and the Payment Amount in columns 31 through 40. +Also, importantly, the Payment Amount is right-aligned. + +You're asked to build an application that will convert data in the relational +database management system to the legacy file format. To ensure that the +integration works correctly, the first step is to confirm the file format by +giving the legacy system maintainers a sample of the output. Later, you build +on this work to send hundreds or thousands of payments to be processed via an +ASCII text file. + +#### Add the Payment ID to the output + +To get started, print the Payment ID in the first six columns. You pick some +random payment data that should be adequate for the purposes. + +Update your code in the editor as follows: + +```cs +string paymentId = "769C"; +var formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); +``` + +Reuse the `formattedLine` variable to build the output string. + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output: + +```txt +769C +``` + +There are two blank spaces to the right that not visible. You'll confirm that +they exist in the next step. + +#### Add the payee name to the output + +Next, you add a fictitious Payee Name, padding it appropriately. + +Update your code as follows: + +```cs +string paymentId = "769C"; +string payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; + +var formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); + +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); +``` + +The `+=` operator performs a string concatenation, taking the previous value of +the variable `formattedLine` and adding the new value to it. It's a shortened +equivalent the following code example: + +```cs +formattedLine = formattedLine + payeeName.PadRight(24); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output: + +```txt +769C Mr. Stephen Ortega +``` + +Again, there are quite a few blank spaces after the Payee's Name. Also, there +are two blank spaces after the Payment ID from Step 1. + +#### Add the payment amount to the output + +Next, add a fictitious Payment Amount and make sure to use `PadLeft()` to right +-align the output. + +Update your code as follows: + +```cs +string paymentId = "769C"; +string payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; +string paymentAmount = "$5,000.00"; + +var formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); +formattedLine += paymentAmount.PadLeft(10); + +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output: + +```txt +769C Mr. Stephen Ortega $5,000.00 +``` + +This output is pretty close to what you understood the legacy system +maintainers were looking for. + +#### Add a line of numbers above the output to more easily confirm the result + +Since it's difficult to count the exact columns where each data element appears, +you add a line directly above the output that helps you count the columns. + +```cs +Console.WriteLine("1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"); +``` + +Update your code in the Visual Studio Code Editor as follows: + +```txt +string paymentId = "769C"; +string payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; +string paymentAmount = "$5,000.00"; + +var formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); +formattedLine += paymentAmount.PadLeft(10); + +Console.WriteLine("1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"); +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); +``` + +Save your code file, and then run your code. You should see the following +output, that you can send off to the maintainers of the legacy system to +confirm the new integration works correctly: + +```txt +1234567890123456789012345678901234567890 +769C Mr. Stephen Ortega $5,000.00 +``` + +Success! + +### Recap + +There's a few important takeaways from this unit. + +- The `string` data type, literal strings, and variables of type string each +implement many helper methods to format, modify, and perform other operations +on strings. +- The `PadLeft()` and `PadRight()` methods add white space (or optionally, +another character) to the total length of a string. +- Use `PadLeft()` to right-align a string. +- Some methods are overloaded, meaning they have multiple versions of the +method with different arguments that affect their functionality. +- The `+=` operator concatenates a new string on the right to the existing +string on the left. + +--- + +## Exercise + +### Complete a challenge to apply string interpolation to a form letter + +For the sales and marketing company's newest investment products, you send +thousands of personalized letters to the company's existing clients. Your job +is to write C# code to merge personalized information about the customer. The +letter contains information like their existing portfolio and compares their +current returns to projected returns if they were to invest in using the new +products. + +The writers have decided on the following example marketing message. Here's the +desired output (using fictitious customer account data). + +```txt +Dear Ms. Barros, +As a customer of our Magic Yield offering we are excited to tell you about a new financial product that would dramatically increase your return. + +Currently, you own 2,975,000.00 shares at a return of 12.75%. + +Our new product, Glorious Future offers a return of 13.13%. Given your current volume, your potential profit would be ¤63,000,000.00. + +Here's a quick comparison: + +Magic Yield 12.75% $55,000,000.00 +Glorious Future 13.13% $63,000,000.00 +``` + +Use your new found knowledge of string formatting to build an application that +can merge and format the appropriate content given the previous example output. +Pay particular attention to the white space and make sure you accurately +represent this exact format using C#. + +Add the following code to get the data for the challenge: + +```cs +string customerName = "Ms. Barros"; + +string currentProduct = "Magic Yield"; +int currentShares = 2975000; +decimal currentReturn = 0.1275m; +decimal currentProfit = 55000000.0m; + +string newProduct = "Glorious Future"; +decimal newReturn = 0.13125m; +decimal newProfit = 63000000.0m; + +// Your logic here + +Console.WriteLine("Here's a quick comparison:\n"); + +string comparisonMessage = ""; + +// Your logic here + +Console.WriteLine(comparisonMessage); +``` + +Use the code editor to generate the message while using the given variables and +code. + +Ensure your code outputs the following message: + +```txt +Dear Ms. Barros, +As a customer of our Magic Yield offering we are excited to tell you about a new financial product that would dramatically increase your return. + +Currently, you own 2,975,000.00 shares at a return of 12.75%. + +Our new product, Glorious Future offers a return of 13.13%. Given your current volume, your potential profit would be $63,000,000.00. + +Here's a quick comparison: + +Magic Yield 12.75% $55,000,000.00 +Glorious Future 13.13% $63,000,000.00 +``` + +Good luck! + +Whether you get stuck and need to peek at the solution or you finish +successfully, continue on to view a solution to this challenge. + +--- + +### Summary + +Your company needed to create a personalized marketing message to promote a new +financial product to your customers. Using C#, you were able to write code that +combined string and numeric data about your current customers. + +You exercised different techniques for merging a string template with variables +using composite formatting and string interpolation. The various specifiers +allow you to properly format large numbers, currency, and percentages. The +built-in methods on variables of type string allowed you to add padding to left +and right align data. + +Imagine how much extra work is required if you didn't have a wealth of string +and number formatting tools and techniques available to you in C#. You would +likely attempt to use string concatenation everywhere, possibly making it +difficult to maintain or update. + +Techniques and tools for formatting strings and numeric data has a wide array +of applications. For example, you can use these techniques to present data for +display on screen and format data to transfer between disparate systems. + +#### Resources + +[String.Format Method](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.string.format?view=net-7.0&preserve-view=true) +[Standard Numeric Format Strings](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/standard-numeric-format-strings) diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/Program.cs b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/Program.cs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b2e479b --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/Program.cs @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +string result = string.Format("{0} {1}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine(result); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +Console.WriteLine("{1} {0}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine("{0} {0} {0}!", first, second); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +Console.WriteLine($"{first} {second}!"); +Console.WriteLine($"{second} {first}!"); +Console.WriteLine($"{first} {first} {first}!"); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +decimal price = 123.45m; +int discount = 50; +Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price:C} (Save {discount:C})"); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +decimal measurement = 123456.78912m; +Console.WriteLine($"Measurement: {measurement:N4} units"); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +decimal tax = .36785m; +Console.WriteLine($"Tax rate: {tax:P2}"); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +decimal price_2 = 67.55m; +decimal saleprice_2 = 59.99m; + +string yourDiscount = String.Format( + "You saved {0:C2} off the regular {1:C2} price_2. ", + (price_2 - saleprice_2), + price_2 +); + +Console.WriteLine(yourDiscount); + +Console.WriteLine("\n--------------------------\n"); + +decimal price_3 = 67.55m; +decimal saleprice_3 = 59.99m; + +string yourDiscount_2 = String.Format( + "You saved {0:C2} off the regular {1:C2} price_3. ", + (price_3 - saleprice_3), + price_3 +); + +yourDiscount += $"A discount of {((price_3 - saleprice_3)/price_3):P2}!"; //inserted +Console.WriteLine(yourDiscount_2); diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/alpha_num_format.csproj b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/alpha_num_format.csproj new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2150e37 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/alpha_num_format/alpha_num_format.csproj @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + + + + Exe + net8.0 + enable + enable + + + diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/Program.cs b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/Program.cs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6af5bd --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/Program.cs @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +string customerName = "Ms. Barros"; + +string currentProduct = "Magic Yield"; +int currentShares = 2975000; +decimal currentReturn = 0.1275m; +decimal currentProfit = 55000000.0m; + +string newProduct = "Glorious Future"; +decimal newReturn = 0.13125m; +decimal newProfit = 63000000.0m; + +var formatted_letter = string.Format("Dear {0},\n", customerName); +formatted_letter += $"As a customer of our {currentProduct} offering we" + + "are excited to tell you about a new financial " + + "product that would dramatically increase your " + + "return.\n\n"; +formatted_letter += $"Currently, you own {currentShares:N2} shares at a return "; +formatted_letter += $"of {currentReturn:P2}.\n\n"; +formatted_letter += $"Our new product, {newProduct} offers a return of "; +formatted_letter += $"{newReturn:P2}. Given your current volume, your "; +formatted_letter += $"potential profit would be {newProfit:C2}.\n"; +Console.WriteLine(formatted_letter); +Console.WriteLine("Here's a quick comparison:\n"); + +string comparisonMessage = currentProduct.PadRight(20); +comparisonMessage += $"{currentReturn:P2}".PadRight(9); +comparisonMessage += $"{currentProfit:C2}\n"; +comparisonMessage += $"{newProduct}".PadRight(20); +comparisonMessage += $"{newReturn:P2}".PadRight(9); +comparisonMessage += $"{newProfit:C2}"; + +Console.WriteLine(comparisonMessage); diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/form_letter.csproj b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/form_letter.csproj new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2150e37 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/form_letter/form_letter.csproj @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + + + + Exe + net8.0 + enable + enable + + + diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/Program.cs b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/Program.cs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..160b5d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/Program.cs @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +string first = "Hello"; +string second = "World"; +string result = string.Format("{0} {1}!", first, second); +Console.WriteLine(result); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +string input = "Pad this"; +Console.WriteLine(input.PadLeft(12)); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +Console.WriteLine(input.PadRight(12)); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +Console.WriteLine(input.PadLeft(12, '-')); +Console.WriteLine(input.PadRight(12, '-')); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +string paymentId = "769C"; +var formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +paymentId = "769C"; +string payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; + +formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); + +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +paymentId = "769C"; +payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; +string paymentAmount = "$5,000.00"; + +formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); +formattedLine += paymentAmount.PadLeft(10); + +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); + +Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------\n"); + +paymentId = "769C"; +payeeName = "Mr. Stephen Ortega"; +paymentAmount = "$5,000.00"; + +formattedLine = paymentId.PadRight(6); +formattedLine += payeeName.PadRight(24); +formattedLine += paymentAmount.PadLeft(10); + +Console.WriteLine("1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"); +Console.WriteLine(formattedLine); diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/padding_alignment.csproj b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/padding_alignment.csproj new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2150e37 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/padding_alignment/padding_alignment.csproj @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + + + + Exe + net8.0 + enable + enable + + + diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/Program.cs b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/Program.cs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..96577e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/Program.cs @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +int invoiceNumber = 1201; +decimal productShares = 25.4568m; +decimal subtotal = 2750.00m; +decimal taxPercentage = .15825m; +decimal total = 3185.19m; + +Console.WriteLine($"Invoice Number: {invoiceNumber}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Shares: {productShares:N3} Product"); +Console.WriteLine($" Sub Total: {subtotal:C}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Tax: {taxPercentage:P2}"); +Console.WriteLine($" Total Billed: {total:C}"); diff --git a/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/string_interpolation.csproj b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/string_interpolation.csproj new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2150e37 --- /dev/null +++ b/023_alphanumeric_data_format/string_interpolation/string_interpolation.csproj @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + + + + Exe + net8.0 + enable + enable + + + diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index efef5d9..67e281b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -27,3 +27,4 @@ Following 20. [Choose the correct data type](./020_data_types/020_csharp.md) 21. [Convert data types](./021_Casting_and_conversion_techniques/021_csharp.md) 22. [Array Operations](./022_array_operations/022_csharp.md) +23. [Format alphanumeric data](/023_alphanumeric_data_format/023_csharp.md)